Hamant O, Saunders T E
Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, École normale supérieure (ENS) de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon (UCBL), Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69364 Lyon, France; email:
Mechanobiology Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411; email:
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Oct 6;36:385-410. doi: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-012820-103850. Epub 2020 Jul 6.
Development encapsulates the morphogenesis of an organism from a single fertilized cell to a functional adult. A critical part of development is the specification of organ forms. Beyond the molecular control of morphogenesis, shape in essence entails structural constraints and thus mechanics. Revisiting recent results in biophysics and development, and comparing animal and plant model systems, we derive key overarching principles behind the formation of organs across kingdoms. In particular, we highlight how growing organs are active rather than passive systems and how such behavior plays a role in shaping the organ. We discuss the importance of considering different scales in understanding how organs form. Such an integrative view of organ development generates new questions while calling for more cross-fertilization between scientific fields and model system communities.
发育涵盖了生物体从单个受精卵细胞到功能成熟个体的形态发生过程。发育的一个关键部分是器官形态的特化。除了形态发生的分子控制外，形状本质上还涉及结构限制，因此也涉及力学。回顾生物物理学和发育学的最新研究成果，并比较动物和植物模型系统，我们得出了跨生物界器官形成背后的关键总体原则。特别是，我们强调生长中的器官是主动而非被动系统，以及这种行为如何在塑造器官中发挥作用。我们讨论了在理解器官如何形成时考虑不同尺度的重要性。这种对器官发育的综合观点提出了新的问题，同时呼吁科学领域和模型系统群体之间进行更多的交叉融合。
