Grzebisz Natalia
Vistula School of Hospitality, Faculty of Dietetics, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2020 Jun 30;10(7):442. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics10070442.
Cross-country skiing has a positive effect on health. However, without an individual, thoughtful, and professional plan, it can cause irreversible health problems from overload and injury. The impact of exercise on results is well understood within the group of professional athletes. However, this remains unknown within the group of amateur cross-country skiers and marathon runners-in particular, the impact of the summer preparation period in which training loads performed in the oxygen zone combined with resistance training dominate. The aim of this study was to assess changes in the cardiovascular capacity and body mass composition of male cross-country skiers in the preparation period of their macrocycle. Variables were analyzed using basic descriptive statistics: mean and standard deviation (SD). To compare the results from both measurements (initial and final) the paired Wilcoxon test was used. A statistically significant increase was noted in maximum oxygen uptake and maximum minute ventilation, and a decrease in body fat content, maximum lactate concentration and lactate threshold, and heart rate on anaerobic threshold. Research indicated that in the amateur group increases similar to those in top competitors were achieved in the parameters tested, but the initial level was often significantly lower.
越野滑雪对健康有积极影响。然而，如果没有个性化、周全且专业的计划，它可能因负荷过重和受伤而导致不可逆转的健康问题。在职业运动员群体中，运动对成绩的影响已广为人知。然而，在业余越野滑雪者和马拉松跑者群体中，情况依然不明——尤其是在夏季准备期，此时以在有氧区进行的训练负荷与阻力训练为主导。本研究的目的是评估男子越野滑雪者在其大周期准备期中心血管能力和身体成分的变化。使用基本描述性统计数据（均值和标准差）分析变量。为比较两次测量（初始和最终）的结果，使用了配对威尔科克森检验。结果显示，最大摄氧量和最大每分通气量有统计学意义的增加，而体脂含量、最大乳酸浓度和乳酸阈值以及无氧阈值时心率有所下降。研究表明，在业余组中，所测试参数取得了与顶尖选手类似的增长，但初始水平往往显著较低。
