Fay Emily K, Graff Julie N
Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 Jul 1;12(7):1752. doi: 10.3390/cancers12071752.
Immunotherapy encompasses a wide range of therapies to engage the immune system to target malignancies. In recent years, immunotherapy has made a major impact on treatment of metastatic cancer and has altered standard of care for many tumor types. However, predicting and understanding responses across tumor types has been challenging. While some metastatic cancers have shown dramatic responses to immunotherapy, such as melanoma, lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma, prostate cancer has generally failed to show a significant response. However, small series of prostate cancer patients have shown impressive responses to cellular and immunotherapy. This review summarizes the current data for immunotherapy's use in prostate cancer, as well as how currently available data might help predict patient responses to immunotherapy. Specifically, we will review vaccine-based therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and future directions that are actively being explored.
免疫疗法涵盖了多种使免疫系统靶向恶性肿瘤的治疗方法。近年来，免疫疗法对转移性癌症的治疗产生了重大影响，并改变了许多肿瘤类型的治疗标准。然而，预测和理解不同肿瘤类型的反应一直具有挑战性。虽然一些转移性癌症对免疫疗法表现出显著反应，如黑色素瘤、肺癌和肾细胞癌，但前列腺癌总体上未能显示出显著反应。然而，一小部分前列腺癌患者对细胞疗法和免疫疗法表现出了令人印象深刻的反应。本综述总结了免疫疗法在前列腺癌中应用的当前数据，以及现有数据如何有助于预测患者对免疫疗法的反应。具体而言，我们将回顾基于疫苗的疗法、免疫检查点抑制剂以及正在积极探索的未来方向。
