Bachmann-Pfabe Silvia, Dehmer Klaus J
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Genebank Department, Satellite Collections North, Gross Luesewitz Potato Collections, Parkweg 3a, 18190 Gross Luesewitz, Germany.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Jul 2;9(7):833. doi: 10.3390/plants9070833.
Potato wild relatives provide a considerable source of variation for important traits in cultivated potato ( L.) breeding. This study evaluates the variation of tuber starch content and nitrogen utilization efficiency (NutE) in wild potato germplasm. For the experiments regarding starch content, 28 accessions of ten different tuber-bearing wild -species were chosen, and in vitro plantlets were raised from seeds. Twenty plantlets (= genotypes) per accession were then cultivated in the greenhouse until natural senescence and tuber starch content was determined. The average tuber starch content across all genotypes tested was 21.7% of fresh mass. Contents above 28% of fresh mass were found in 50 genotypes, belonging to the species , , , and . Subsequently, 22 wild genotypes revealing high tuber starch contents and four modern varieties of cultivated potato were studied as in vitro plantlets under optimal and low N supply (30 and 7.5 mmol L N). Low N supply lead to a genotype-dependent reduction of shoot dry mass between 13 and 46%. The majority of the wild types also reduced root dry mass by 26 to 62%, while others maintained root growth and even exceeded the NutE of the varieties under low N supply. Thus, wild potato germplasm appears superior to cultivars in terms of tuber starch contents and N utilization efficiency, which should be investigated in further studies.
马铃薯野生近缘种为栽培马铃薯（L.）育种中重要性状提供了相当丰富的变异来源。本研究评估了野生马铃薯种质中块茎淀粉含量和氮利用效率（NutE）的变异情况。对于淀粉含量相关实验，选取了10个不同块茎野生种的28份种质，通过种子培育出试管苗。然后，每个种质的20株试管苗（即基因型）在温室中栽培至自然衰老，并测定块茎淀粉含量。所有测试基因型的平均块茎淀粉含量为鲜重的21.7%。在属于、、和的50个基因型中发现了鲜重含量高于28%的情况。随后，研究了22个显示高块茎淀粉含量的野生基因型和4个栽培马铃薯现代品种作为试管苗在最佳氮供应和低氮供应（30和7.5 mmol L N）条件下的情况。低氮供应导致地上部干重基因型依赖性降低13%至46%。大多数野生类型的根部干重也降低了26%至62%，而其他类型在低氮供应下保持根系生长，甚至超过了品种的氮利用效率。因此，野生马铃薯种质在块茎淀粉含量和氮利用效率方面似乎优于栽培品种，应在进一步研究中进行探讨。
