Federal University of Technology - Paraná, Av. dos Pioneiros, 3131, Londrina, PR, 86036-370, Brazil.
State University of Maringa, Av. Colombo, 5790 - Vila Esperança, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil.
Environ Health. 2020 Jul 6;19(1):79. doi: 10.1186/s12940-020-00606-w.
Extreme ambient temperatures and air quality have been directly associated with various human diseases from several studies around the world. However, few analyses involving the association of these environmental circumstances with mental and behavioral disorders (MBD) have been carried out, especially in developing countries such as Brazil.
A time series study was carried out to explore the associations between daily air pollutants (SO, NO, O, and PM) concentrations and meteorological variables (temperature and relative humidity) on hospital admissions for mental and behavioral disorders for Curitiba, Brazil. Daily hospital admissions from 2010 to 2016 were analyzed by a semi-parametric generalized additive model (GAM) combined with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM).
Significant associations between environmental conditions (10 μg/m increase in air pollutants and temperature °C) and hospitalizations by MBD were found. Air temperature was the environmental variable with the highest relative risk (RR) at 0-day lag for all ages and sexes analyzed, with RR values of 1.0182 (95% CI: 1.0009-1.0357) for men, and 1.0407 (95% CI: 1.0230-1.0587) for women. Ozone exposure was a risk for all women groups, being higher for the young group, with a RR of 1.0319 (95% CI: 1.0165-1.0483). Elderly from both sexes were more susceptible to temperature variability, with a RR of 1.0651 (95% CI: 1.0213-1.1117) for women, and 1.0215 (95% CI: 1.0195-1.0716) for men.
This study suggests that temperatures above and below the thermal comfort threshold, in addition to high concentrations of air pollutants, present significant risks on hospitalizations by MBD; besides, there are physiological and age differences resulting from the effect of this exposure.
极热和极寒天气以及空气质量已被多项全球研究证实与多种人类疾病直接相关。然而，很少有分析涉及这些环境条件与精神和行为障碍（MBD）之间的关联，特别是在巴西等发展中国家。
本时间序列研究旨在探索巴西库里蒂巴市每日空气污染物（SO、NO、O 和 PM）浓度和气象变量（温度和相对湿度）与精神和行为障碍住院治疗之间的关联。2010 年至 2016 年的每日住院数据通过半参数广义加性模型（GAM）与分布滞后非线性模型（DLNM）相结合进行分析。
环境条件（空气污染物增加 10μg/m 和温度升高 1°C）与 MBD 住院之间存在显著关联。在所有分析的年龄和性别中，空气温度是环境变量中具有最高相对风险（RR）的变量，男性的 RR 值为 1.0182（95%CI：1.0009-1.0357），女性的 RR 值为 1.0407（95%CI：1.0230-1.0587）。臭氧暴露对所有女性群体都是一个风险，对年轻群体的风险更高，RR 值为 1.0319（95%CI：1.0165-1.0483）。两性的老年人群对温度变化更敏感，女性的 RR 值为 1.0651（95%CI：1.0213-1.1117），男性的 RR 值为 1.0215（95%CI：1.0195-1.0716）。
本研究表明，高于和低于热舒适阈值的温度以及高浓度的空气污染物都会对 MBD 住院产生显著风险；此外，由于这种暴露的影响，存在生理和年龄差异。
