Preti Michele, Knight Alan L, Angeli Sergio
Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
Instar Biologicals, Yakima, WA 98908, USA.
Insects. 2020 Jul 3;11(7):412. doi: 10.3390/insects11070412.
Monitoring oriental fruit moth Busck (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), populations based on counts in sex pheromone-baited traps within sex pheromone-treated orchards for mating disruption (MD) is challenging since male orientation to traps is disrupted. In this study, we evaluated a new commercial pheromone-kairomone combination lure for (Pherocon OFM Combo™ Dual™), which combines the and L. sex pheromones with a blend of acetic acid and terpinyl acetate. Trap comparisons were performed in 33 trials in peach and nectarine orchards under MD (24) or non-MD (9) during the 2018-2019 period in Italy. Male and total moth captures in traps baited with the combination lure were significantly greater than in traps with pheromone in both years and across both pheromone treatments. The proportion of females in the total moth captures using the combination lure averaged ca. 7% across all trials. The by-catch of non-targets, i.e., L., was low in traps baited either with the combination and the sex pheromone lure, while trap color (white) affected the capture of beneficials but not of the target pest. Our study proves that this combination lure can improve the monitoring and management for in stone fruits. New studies are needed to define action thresholds to trigger supplemental control methods to MD. Secondly, female-based monitoring lures should be further developed to improve management strategies.
在采用性信息素干扰交配（MD）的果园中，基于性信息素诱捕器中的计数来监测东方果实蠹蛾Busck（鳞翅目：卷蛾科）种群具有挑战性，因为雄蛾对诱捕器的定向受到了干扰。在本研究中，我们评估了一种新型商业性信息素 - 利他素组合诱芯（Pherocon OFM Combo™ Dual™），它将东方果实蠹蛾的性信息素与醋酸和乙酸松油酯的混合物相结合。2018 - 2019年期间，在意大利的桃和油桃园中进行了33次试验，对处于MD（24次）或非MD（9次）状态下的诱捕器进行比较。在这两年以及两种性信息素处理方式下，用组合诱芯诱捕的雄蛾和总蛾捕获量均显著高于用单一性信息素诱芯的诱捕器。在所有试验中，使用组合诱芯捕获的总蛾量中雌蛾所占比例平均约为7%。在用组合诱芯和性信息素诱芯诱捕的诱捕器中，非目标昆虫即苹小卷叶蛾的误捕率较低，而诱捕器颜色（白色）影响益虫的捕获，但不影响目标害虫的捕获。我们的研究证明，这种组合诱芯可以改善核果类水果中东方果实蠹蛾的监测和管理。需要开展新的研究来确定触发补充防治方法以配合MD的行动阈值。其次，应进一步开发基于雌蛾的监测诱芯，以改进管理策略。
