Gebrehiwot Zufan, Tadiwos Yohannes
School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2020 Jun 30;13:2027-2035. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S254237. eCollection 2020.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) results in treatment failure and spread of the infection, which will cause prolonged illness, increased mortality, and financial burdens. Some factors that are responsible for inappropriate use of antimicrobials include lack of expertise by health care professionals and problems in diagnosis.
To assess the knowledge and belief related to AMR among health care professionals in HFSUH in Harar, Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 153 physicians, nurses, and pharmacists from HFSUH, which were selected using stratified sampling with proportional allocation. Data were collected from March 1 to March 30, 2017, and were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 20.0).
Only 132 participants were willing to participate from the 153 health care providers; of whom, 35 (26.5%) were physicians, 86 (65.2%) were nurses, and 11 (8.3%) were pharmacists. MRSA was mentioned as the prominent resistant bacteria by 74.3% of the physician, 59.3% of the nurses, and 63.6% of the pharmacists. The majority consider the overuse of antibiotics, poor infection control, sub-standard antibiotic, and patients' poor adherence as factors for AMR. AMR was considered a problem worldwide, country, and hospital level. Forty percent of the physicians, 32.6% of the nurses, and 63.6% of the pharmacists consider the patient influence on the prescriber as the cause; whereas, 31.4% of the physician, 48.8% nurses, and 36.4% of the pharmacists consider the failure of previous treatment as the major cause of unnecessary antimicrobial prescription.
The information the health care professionals have about the different resistant bacteria, on the different factors that cause unnecessary antibiotic prescription and on how to use susceptibility testing is low. All professionals should take regular AMR training and select antibiotics based on tests and minimize the risk of AMR.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）会导致治疗失败和感染传播，进而造成病程延长、死亡率增加以及经济负担加重。导致抗菌药物使用不当的一些因素包括医护人员缺乏专业知识以及诊断方面的问题。
评估埃塞俄比亚哈勒尔市哈勒尔综合专科医院（HFSUH）医护人员对抗菌药物耐药性的知识和认知。
对来自HFSUH的153名医生、护士和药剂师进行了一项横断面研究，采用按比例分配的分层抽样方法进行选取。数据收集于2017年3月1日至3月30日，并使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS 20.0）进行分析。
在153名医护人员中，只有132名参与者愿意参与；其中，35名（26.5%）是医生，86名（65.2%）是护士，11名（8.3%）是药剂师。74.3%的医生、59.3%的护士和63.6%的药剂师提到耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）是主要的耐药细菌。大多数人认为抗生素的过度使用、感染控制不佳、抗生素质量不合格以及患者依从性差是抗菌药物耐药性的因素。抗菌药物耐药性在全球、国家和医院层面都被视为一个问题。40%的医生、32.6%的护士和63.6%的药剂师认为患者对开处方者的影响是原因；而31.4%的医生、48.8%的护士和36.4%的药剂师认为先前治疗失败是不必要抗菌药物处方的主要原因。
医护人员对不同耐药细菌、导致不必要抗生素处方的不同因素以及如何进行药敏试验的了解程度较低。所有专业人员都应定期接受抗菌药物耐药性培训，并根据检测结果选择抗生素，以尽量降低抗菌药物耐药性的风险。
