Department of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
Nutrients. 2020 Jul 6;12(7):2003. doi: 10.3390/nu12072003.
L. fruit is a rich source of phenolic compounds that may be involved in the prevention of metabolic diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of fresh juice (FJ) and juice purified by solid-phase extraction (PJ) on the adipogenesis process with murine 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell line and pancreatic lipase activity in triolein emulsion, as well as their phenolic profiles by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. Decrease of lipids and triacylglycerol accumulation in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells were in concordance with downregulation of the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPβ/α), and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c). Furthermore, regulation of PPARγ-mediated β-lactamase expression by components in reporter gene assay, as well as their binding affinity to ligand-binding domain of PPARγ, were tested. In addition, the levels of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, like fatty acid synthase (FAS) or acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), were decreased, along with inflammatory cytokines, like tumor necrosis factorα (TNFα), interleukin-6 (Il-6) and leptin. Moreover, FJ and PJ were able to inhibit pancreatic lipase, which potentially could reduce the fat absorption from the intestinal lumen and the storage of body fat in the adipose tissues. Thirty-two phenolic compounds with chlorogenic acid as the dominant compound were identified in PJ which revealed significant biological activity. These data contribute to elucidate juice phenolic compounds' molecular mechanism in adipogenesis regulation in 3T3-L1 cells and dietary fat lipolysis.
L. 水果是酚类化合物的丰富来源，这些化合物可能参与代谢性疾病的预防。本研究旨在确定鲜榨果汁（FJ）和固相萃取净化果汁（PJ）对小鼠 3T3-L1 前体脂肪细胞系脂肪生成过程以及三油酸甘油酯乳液中胰腺脂肪酶活性的影响，并通过 UPLC/Q-TOF-MS 分析其酚类成分。分化的 3T3-L1 细胞中脂质和三酰基甘油的减少与过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ（PPARγ）、CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白α（C/EBPβ/α）和固醇调节元件结合蛋白 1c（SREBP-1c）的表达下调一致。此外，还测试了成分在报告基因检测中对 PPARγ 介导的β-内酰胺酶表达的调节作用，以及它们与 PPARγ 配体结合域的结合亲和力。此外，还降低了参与脂质代谢的酶的水平，如脂肪酸合酶（FAS）或乙酰辅酶 A 羧化酶（ACC），以及炎症细胞因子，如肿瘤坏死因子α（TNFα）、白细胞介素 6（Il-6）和瘦素。此外，FJ 和 PJ 能够抑制胰腺脂肪酶，这可能减少从肠腔吸收脂肪和在脂肪组织中储存体脂肪。在 PJ 中鉴定出 32 种酚类化合物，以绿原酸为主要化合物，具有显著的生物学活性。这些数据有助于阐明果汁酚类化合物在 3T3-L1 细胞脂肪生成调节和膳食脂肪水解中的分子机制。
