School of Nursing, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
The School of Nursing, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 6;17(13):4862. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134862.
Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are at high risk for dementia development. Sleep disturbance is often overlooked in MCI, although it is an important risk factor of cognitive decline. In the absence of a cure for dementia, managing the risk factors of cognitive decline in MCI is likely to delay disease progression. To develop interventions for sleep disturbance in MCI, its related factors should be explored. This study aimed to identify and compare the correlates of sleep disturbance in older adults with MCI and those in cognitively healthy older adults. A comparative cross-sectional study was adopted. Data were obtained from 219 Chinese community-dwelling older adults (female: 70.3%), which consisted of 127 older adults with MCI and 92 age-matched cognitively healthy controls. The candidate correlates of sleep disturbance included socio-demographic correlates, health-related factors, lifestyle-related factors and psychological factor. Descriptive, correlational and regression statistics were used for data analysis. The prevalence of sleep disturbance in MCI was 70.1% compared to that of 56.5% in cognitively healthy controls ( < 0.001). The multivariate analysis indicated that, in participants with MCI, depressive symptoms (Beta = 0.297, = 0.001), comorbidity burden (Beta = 0.215, = 0.012) and physical activity (Beta = -0.297, = 0.001) were associated with sleep disturbance. However, in the cognitively healthy controls, only depressive symptoms (Beta = 0.264, = 0.028) and comorbidity burden (Beta = 0.361, = 0.002) were associated with sleep disturbance. This finding highlights that sleep disturbance is sufficiently prominent to warrant evaluation and management in older adults with MCI. Furthermore, the findings elucidate several important areas to target in interventions aimed at promoting sleep in individuals with MCI.
患有轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的个体发生痴呆的风险较高。尽管睡眠障碍是认知能力下降的一个重要危险因素，但在 MCI 中往往被忽视。在没有痴呆症治疗方法的情况下，管理 MCI 中认知能力下降的危险因素可能会延缓疾病进展。为了制定 MCI 患者睡眠障碍的干预措施，应探讨其相关因素。本研究旨在确定和比较 MCI 老年患者和认知健康老年患者睡眠障碍的相关因素。采用了一项比较性横断面研究。数据来自 219 名中国社区居住的老年人（女性：70.3%），其中包括 127 名 MCI 老年患者和 92 名年龄匹配的认知健康对照者。睡眠障碍的候选相关因素包括社会人口统计学相关因素、健康相关因素、生活方式相关因素和心理因素。采用描述性、相关性和回归统计方法进行数据分析。MCI 患者的睡眠障碍患病率为 70.1%，而认知健康对照组为 56.5%（<0.001）。多变量分析表明，在 MCI 患者中，抑郁症状（Beta = 0.297，p = 0.001）、合并症负担（Beta = 0.215，p = 0.012）和身体活动（Beta = -0.297，p = 0.001）与睡眠障碍相关。然而，在认知健康对照组中，只有抑郁症状（Beta = 0.264，p = 0.028）和合并症负担（Beta = 0.361，p = 0.002）与睡眠障碍相关。这一发现强调，睡眠障碍在 MCI 老年患者中足够突出，需要进行评估和管理。此外，这些发现阐明了针对 MCI 个体促进睡眠的干预措施中需要针对的几个重要领域。
