Al-Okbi Sahar Y, Amin Magdy A, Mohamed Amal E A, Edris Amr E, Sharaf Osama M, Mabrok Hoda B, Ramadan Asmaa A
Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre.
Microbiology and Immunology department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University.
J Oleo Sci. 2020 Aug 6;69(8):913-927. doi: 10.5650/jos.ess20067. Epub 2020 Jul 9.
The present research evaluated the protective effect of basil essential oil nanoemulsion (BNO) and its parent basil essential oil (BO) towards steatohepatitis. Chemical composition of BO was assessed followed by formulation into different BNOs using the low energy spontaneous emulsification technique. An ideal formula of BNO was selected among the others based on its ultra-fine particle size (15.42 nm) and physical stability at 25-37°C, which was then tested in steatohepatitis rat model along with BO. Rats were divided into four groups, the first was fed on balanced diet (C), and the other groups were maintained on high fructose saturated fat diet deficient in choline to induce steatohepatitis, one of such groups served as control steatohepatitis (SC), the other groups received daily oral dose of BO and BNO, respectively. Microbiota (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes) were counted in colon content and their ratio (F/B) was calculated. Liver fat, plasma lipid profile, plama interlukin-6, plasma lipopolysaccharides and plasma and colon content of lipocaline were assessed with histopathological examination of liver and colon. Results showed that the major volatile components of BO were linalool (60.9 %), eugenol (5.1 %) and eucalyptol (9.5%). SC group exhibited significant increase in liver lipids, plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol and significant reduction in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) compared to C group. Significant increase in plasma TC/HDL-C, interlukin-6, and lipocaline and F/B ratio and lipocaline in colon content were demonstrated in SC group without changes in plasma lipopolysaccharides compared to C. Histopathology of SC group showed liver fatty degeneration and fibroblasts activation while the colon demonstrated erosion and mucosal epithelium detachment. Treatment with either BNO or BO showed improvement compared to SC group. BNO was superior in reducing F/B ratio, liver lipids and histopathological changes. BO was more efficient in reducing TC, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein cholesterol. It is concluded that BO and BNO reduced the progression of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rat model. Gut microbiota in relation to steatohepatitis and related new therapies needs further investigations.
本研究评估了罗勒精油纳米乳剂（BNO）及其母体罗勒精油（BO）对脂肪性肝炎的保护作用。对BO的化学成分进行了评估，随后使用低能自发乳化技术将其制成不同的BNO。基于其超细微粒尺寸（15.42纳米）和在25 - 37°C的物理稳定性，从其他配方中选出了理想的BNO配方，然后将其与BO一起在脂肪性肝炎大鼠模型中进行测试。大鼠分为四组，第一组喂食平衡饮食（C组），其他组喂食高果糖饱和脂肪且胆碱缺乏的饮食以诱导脂肪性肝炎，其中一组作为脂肪性肝炎对照（SC组），其他组分别每日口服BO和BNO。对结肠内容物中的微生物群（厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门）进行计数并计算它们的比例（F/B）。评估肝脏脂肪、血浆脂质谱、血浆白细胞介素-6、血浆脂多糖以及血浆和结肠内容物中的视黄醇结合蛋白，并对肝脏和结肠进行组织病理学检查。结果表明，BO的主要挥发性成分是芳樟醇（60.9%）、丁香酚（5.1%）和桉叶油素（9.5%）。与C组相比，SC组肝脏脂质、血浆甘油三酯、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著增加，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）显著降低。与C组相比，SC组血浆TC/HDL-C、白细胞介素-6和视黄醇结合蛋白以及结肠内容物中的F/B比例和视黄醇结合蛋白显著增加，而血浆脂多糖无变化。SC组的组织病理学显示肝脏脂肪变性和成纤维细胞活化，而结肠显示糜烂和黏膜上皮脱落。与SC组相比，BNO或BO治疗均显示出改善。BNO在降低F/B比例、肝脏脂质和组织病理学变化方面更具优势。BO在降低TC、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇方面更有效。得出的结论是，BO和BNO可降低大鼠模型中非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的进展。肠道微生物群与脂肪性肝炎及相关新疗法的关系需要进一步研究。
