Al-Okbi Sahar Y, Mohamed Doha A, Hamed Thanaa E, Edris Amr E
1 Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Food Industries and Nutrition Division, National Research Centre , Dokki, Cairo, Egypt .
J Med Food. 2014 Jul;17(7):764-71. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2013.0033. Epub 2014 Mar 10.
In the present research, the effect of clove essential oil (CO) and its major constituent, eugenol, formulated in water-based microemulsions, was studied on fatty liver and dyslipidemia in high-fructose-fed rats. Plasma and liver lipids, oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarker, and liver function were the assessed criteria. CO dispersed in water as conventional cloudy emulsion was also subjected to the same biological evaluations for comparison with the microemulsified form of this oil. Results showed that the particle size of CO microemulsion (COM) and eugenol microemulsion (EM) was 8.0 nm and 8.9 nm, respectively. Excess dilution and incubation of these microemulsions in 1.2 N HCl, that mimic stomach juice (without lipase), for 5 hours at 37 °C lead to the establishment of second population of larger particles with average diameter>100.0 nm. Biological evaluation revealed that rats of high fructose control group exhibited significant dyslipidemia, high plasma tumor necrosis factor-α, and elevated malondialdehyde. The same group of rats showed significant high liver total fat, triglycerides and cholesterol, and liver dysfunction compared to control normal rats fed balanced diet. Daily oral administration of CO conventional emulsion, COM, and EM produced significant improvement of all studied parameters. No significant change in all biochemical parameters was noticed when the groups given the different formulations were compared with each other. The study concluded that administration of CO conventional emulsion, COM, or EM produced significant improvement in fatty liver and dyslipidemia with consequent expected protection from cardiovascular diseases and other complications of fatty liver. Formulation of CO in microemulsion having particle size ∼ 8.0 nm did not enhance the protective effect compared with the same dose of CO dispersed in water as conventional macroemulsion, probably due to the ease of absorption of these bioactives in their native states. However, formulation in microemulsion provides a delivery system for oral administration of CO or eugenol in homogeneous, water-based, and thermodynamically stable dosage form during storage.
在本研究中，研究了以水基微乳液形式配制的丁香精油（CO）及其主要成分丁香酚对高果糖喂养大鼠的脂肪肝和血脂异常的影响。血浆和肝脏脂质、氧化应激、炎症生物标志物和肝功能为评估标准。以传统浑浊乳液形式分散于水中的CO也进行了相同的生物学评估，以便与该油的微乳化形式进行比较。结果表明，CO微乳液（COM）和丁香酚微乳液（EM）的粒径分别为8.0 nm和8.9 nm。将这些微乳液在模拟胃液（不含脂肪酶）的1.2 N HCl中于37℃下过度稀释并孵育5小时，会导致形成第二批平均直径>100.0 nm的较大颗粒。生物学评估显示，高果糖对照组大鼠表现出明显的血脂异常、高血浆肿瘤坏死因子-α和丙二醛升高。与喂食均衡饮食的正常对照组大鼠相比，同一组大鼠的肝脏总脂肪、甘油三酯和胆固醇显著升高，且肝功能异常。每日口服CO传统乳液、COM和EM可使所有研究参数得到显著改善。当比较给予不同制剂的组时，所有生化参数均未发现显著变化。该研究得出结论，给予CO传统乳液、COM或EM可显著改善脂肪肝和血脂异常，从而有望预防心血管疾病和脂肪肝的其他并发症。与相同剂量的以传统粗乳液形式分散于水中的CO相比，粒径约为8.0 nm的CO微乳液制剂并未增强保护作用，这可能是由于这些生物活性物质在其天然状态下易于吸收。然而，微乳液制剂提供了一种给药系统，可在储存期间以均匀、水基和热力学稳定的剂型口服给予CO或丁香酚。
