Ohlendorf Daniela, Maltry Laura, Hänel Jasmin, Betz Werner, Erbe Christina, Maurer-Grubinger Christian, Holzgreve Fabian, Wanke Eileen M, Brüggmann Dörthe, Nienhaus Albert, Groneberg David A
Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9a, 60596 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Institute of Dentistry, Department of Dental Radiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
J Occup Med Toxicol. 2020 Jul 6;15:22. doi: 10.1186/s12995-020-00273-0. eCollection 2020.
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are common among dental professionals. The most common areas affected are the trunk, neck, shoulders and wrists. Current evidence suggests that the causes of MSD can be found in the physical demands of the profession. Posture and movement during treatment is influenced by the arrangement of the treatment concept (patient chair, equipment and cabinets). It has not been investigated whether the ergonomic risk differs between the treatment concepts.
To evaluate the prevalence of MSD in dental professionals, 1000 responses will be collected from a nationwide (Germany) online questionnaire (mod. Nordic Questionnaire and mod. Meyer questionnaire). In order to assess the ergonomic risk of the treatment techniques used in the four treatment concepts, 3D movement analyses are carried out with inertial sensors. For this purpose, 20 teams of dentists and dental assistants from four dental fields of specializations (generalists, orthodontists, endodontists and oral surgeons) and a student control group will be recruited. Each team will execute field specific standardized treatments at a dummy head. Measurements are carried out in each of the four treatment concepts. The data will be analyzed using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) which will be modified for the evaluation of objective data.
On the basis of these investigations, a substantial gain of knowledge regarding work-related MSD in the field of dentistry and its potential biomechanical causes is possible. For the first time, objective and differentiated comparisons between the four treatment concepts are possible for different fields of dental specialization. Up to now, statically held positions of the trunk and proximal upper extremities, but also the repetitive movements of the hands have been considered a risk for MSD. Since both are included in the RULA, dental activities can be assessed in a detailed but also global manner with regard to ergonomic risks.
肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）在牙科专业人员中很常见。受影响最常见的部位是躯干、颈部、肩部和手腕。目前的证据表明，MSD的病因可在该职业的身体需求中找到。治疗期间的姿势和动作受治疗理念（患者椅、设备和橱柜）的布置影响。尚未研究治疗理念之间的人体工程学风险是否存在差异。
为了评估牙科专业人员中MSD的患病率，将从全国范围（德国）的在线问卷（改良北欧问卷和改良迈耶问卷）中收集1000份回复。为了评估四种治疗理念中使用的治疗技术的人体工程学风险，使用惯性传感器进行三维运动分析。为此，将招募来自四个牙科专业领域（全科医生、正畸医生、牙髓病医生和口腔外科医生）的20组牙医和牙科助理以及一个学生对照组。每个团队将在模拟头部进行特定领域的标准化治疗。在四种治疗理念中的每一种中进行测量。将使用快速上肢评估（RULA）对数据进行分析，该评估将针对客观数据的评估进行修改。
基于这些调查，有可能在牙科领域获得关于与工作相关的MSD及其潜在生物力学原因的大量知识。首次可以对不同牙科专业领域的四种治疗理念进行客观和有区别的比较。到目前为止，躯干和近端上肢的静态姿势以及手部的重复动作都被认为是MSD的风险因素。由于两者都包含在RULA中，因此可以从人体工程学风险方面以详细但全面的方式评估牙科活动。
