Rossi Alfredo, Caro Gemma, Fortuna Maria Caterina, Pigliacelli Flavia, D'Arino Andrea, Carlesimo Marta
Department of Hematology, Oncology and Dermatology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
Dermatol Pract Concept. 2020 Jun 29;10(3):e2020074. doi: 10.5826/dpc.1003a74. eCollection 2020 Jul.
Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) is one of the most dramatic side effects of chemotherapy. Currently no guidelines are available for its prevention and treatment. Several devices and drugs are used, but results are often disappointing.
Our aim is to analyze drugs and devices proposed in the literature for prevention and treatment of CIA induced by cytotoxic drugs and to discuss the evidenced-based opinion.
Scalp cooling is the only agent that has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for CIA prevention. Minoxidil and bimatoprost should not be used during chemotherapy administration, but they can be used after chemotherapy discontinuation to obtain greater regrowth.
Therapy should always be modulated for the patient and no fixed protocol should be used. Trichoscopy and trichogram could be useful tools in supporting this treatment.
化疗引起的脱发（CIA）是化疗最显著的副作用之一。目前尚无关于其预防和治疗的指南。虽使用了多种设备和药物，但效果往往令人失望。
我们的目的是分析文献中提出的用于预防和治疗细胞毒性药物引起的CIA的药物和设备，并讨论循证观点。
头皮冷却装置是唯一已获美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于预防CIA的手段。米诺地尔和比马前列素在化疗期间不应使用，但化疗停药后可使用以促进更多头发生长。
治疗应始终根据患者情况进行调整，不应采用固定方案。毛发镜检和毛发图像分析可能是辅助这种治疗的有用工具。
