Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA.
The AfriChild Centre, Kampala, Uganda.
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Mar;37(5-6):2399-2415. doi: 10.1177/0886260520938508. Epub 2020 Jul 9.
Experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization have well-established associations with poor mental health. There is also burgeoning evidence regarding the association between IPV perpetration and mental health in a small number of countries. However, there is a paucity of data about the gendered differences for these IPV experiences within sub-Saharan African. This study examines the association between IPV victimization, perpetration, and mental health outcomes for male and female adolescents and young adults in Uganda. Data on IPV perpetration were available for a nationally representative sample of 1,373 males and 2,022 females in Uganda. Observations were weighted to be representative of 13- to 24-year-olds in Uganda. Study procedures used multivariate logistic regression models to examine associations between ever-perpetration of IPV and four self-reported mental health variables: severe sadness, feelings of worthlessness, suicide ideation, and alcohol abuse. Models controlled for age, marital status, schooling, and past exposure to violence. Models were sex-disaggregated to examine sex-specific associations. Standard errors were adjusted for sampling stratification and clustering. Data analysis showed that males were more than twice as likely as females to perpetrate IPV (14% vs. 6%, respectively; < .001), while odds of perpetration for both sexes were higher for those ever experiencing IPV (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 12.12 for males; aOR=4.73 for females). Male perpetrators had 2.93 greater odds of experiencing suicidal ideation (95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.78, 4.82], < .001) and increased drinking behaviors (2.21, 95% CI: [1.39, 3.50], < .001) when compared with non-perpetrating males. In addition, female perpetrators had 2.59 times greater odds of suicidal ideation (95% CI: [1.34,4.99], < .01), as compared with non-perpetrating females. Our findings among youth and adolescents demonstrated associated but different experiences for males and females. Findings indicate the importance of understanding the relationship between IPV victimization and perpetration, and addressing these correlates with a gender-sensitive perspective to inform policy and programming.
亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）受害经历与心理健康状况不佳密切相关。在少数几个国家，也有越来越多的证据表明 IPV 实施与心理健康之间存在关联。然而，在撒哈拉以南非洲，关于这些 IPV 经历的性别差异的数据却很少。本研究考察了在乌干达，男性和女性青少年和年轻成年人的 IPV 受害、施暴与心理健康结果之间的关联。关于 IPV 施暴的数据可用于乌干达一个具有全国代表性的 1373 名男性和 2022 名女性样本。观察结果经过加权处理，以代表乌干达 13 至 24 岁的人群。研究程序使用多变量逻辑回归模型来检验曾经实施 IPV 与四项自我报告的心理健康变量（严重悲伤、无价值感、自杀意念和酗酒）之间的关联。模型控制了年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度和过去的暴力经历。模型按性别进行细分，以检验性别特异性关联。标准误差根据抽样分层和聚类进行了调整。数据分析表明，男性实施 IPV 的可能性是女性的两倍多（分别为 14%和 6%； < .001），而对于两种性别的人来说，经历过 IPV 的人实施 IPV 的可能性更高（男性调整后的优势比[aOR]为 12.12；女性为 4.73）。与未施暴的男性相比，男性施暴者有 2.93 倍的可能性经历自杀意念（95%置信区间[CI]：[1.78, 4.82]； < .001）和更多的饮酒行为（2.21, 95% CI：[1.39, 3.50]； < .001）。此外，与未施暴的女性相比，女性施暴者有 2.59 倍的可能性经历自杀意念（95% CI：[1.34,4.99]； < .01）。我们在青年和青少年中的研究结果表明，男性和女性有不同的但相关的经历。研究结果表明，必须从性别敏感的角度理解 IPV 受害与施暴之间的关系，并针对这些相关性制定政策和方案。
