School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia.
Population Wellbeing and Environment Research Lab (PowerLab), School of Public Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong NSW 2522, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 7;17(13):4894. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134894.
Increasing evidence suggests adults living in greener areas tend to have more favourable sleep-related outcomes, but children and adolescents are under-researched. We hypothesised that children and adolescents living in greener areas would have better quality and more sufficient levels of sleep on average, especially within the context of high traffic noise exposure. These hypotheses were tested using multilevel logistic regressions fitted on samples from the nationally representative Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (10-11 years old, = 3469, and 14-15 years old, = 2814) and the GINIplus and LISA cohorts (10 years old, = 1461, and 15 years old, = 4172) from the Munich, Wesel, and Leipzig areas of Germany. Questionnaire-based binary indicators of sleep sufficiency and sleep quality in each cohort were assessed with respect to objectively measured green space exposures adjusting for age, sex, and maternal education. Models were augmented with proxy measures of traffic noise and two-way interaction terms to test for effect modification. Cross-tabulations illustrated little convincing evidence of association between green space and insufficient sleep or poor sleep quality in either sample, except for insufficient sleep among 10 year old participants in Germany. These null findings were replicated in adjusted models. The proxy for traffic noise was associated with poor quality sleep in 15 year old participants in Germany, but no convincing evidence of modified association with green space was observed.
越来越多的证据表明，生活在绿化环境更好的地区的成年人往往有更有利的睡眠相关结果，但儿童和青少年的研究较少。我们假设生活在绿化环境更好的地区的儿童和青少年的睡眠质量和充足程度会更好，尤其是在交通噪音暴露水平较高的情况下。这些假设是通过对来自澳大利亚全国代表性儿童纵向研究（10-11 岁，n=3469，和 14-15 岁，n=2814）和德国慕尼黑、韦塞尔和莱比锡地区的 GINIplus 和 LISA 队列（10 岁，n=1461，和 15 岁，n=4172）的样本进行多层次逻辑回归检验得出的。每个队列的基于问卷的睡眠充足和睡眠质量的二分指标都根据年龄、性别和母亲教育程度对客观测量的绿地暴露情况进行了调整。模型中还增加了交通噪音的替代指标和双向交互项，以检验是否存在效应修饰。交叉表分析表明，除了德国 10 岁参与者的睡眠不足外，绿地与睡眠不足或睡眠质量差之间几乎没有令人信服的关联。这些无效发现在调整后的模型中得到了复制。德国 15 岁参与者的交通噪音替代指标与睡眠质量差有关，但没有观察到与绿地有明显的关联修饰。
