Pariset Eloise, Agache Vincent, Millet Arnaud
CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, 38054, Grenoble, France.
Université Grenoble-Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France.
Adv Biosyst. 2017 May;1(5):e1700040. doi: 10.1002/adbi.201700040. Epub 2017 Apr 24.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently been at the center of attention of cellular biologists and physicians as their role in intercellular communications has become progressively revealed. EVs display a huge diversity concerning their biogenesis and functions, leading to a still evolving classification comprising exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. One of the main technical challenges to studying EVs is to isolate them without interfering with their structure, in order to be able to reveal their functions and to use them as biomarkers. Moreover, the new area of therapeutically using EVs needs clinical grade methods of isolation. In this review, different methods disposable to researchers and clinicians to isolate EVs are described, focusing on the physical principles that allow understanding the advantages and limitations of each technique. The new growing field of microfluidic systems which offers the opportunity to associate isolation and characterization on a single chip will be presented highlighting its potential in the field of EV studies.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）最近成为细胞生物学家和医生关注的焦点，因为它们在细胞间通讯中的作用已逐渐被揭示。EVs在生物发生和功能方面表现出巨大的多样性，导致其分类仍在不断演变，包括外泌体、微囊泡和凋亡小体。研究EVs的主要技术挑战之一是在不干扰其结构的情况下分离它们，以便能够揭示其功能并将它们用作生物标志物。此外，将EVs用于治疗的新领域需要临床级别的分离方法。在这篇综述中，描述了研究人员和临床医生可采用的不同分离EVs的方法，重点关注那些能让人了解每种技术优缺点的物理原理。还将介绍微流控系统这一新兴领域，该领域提供了在单个芯片上实现分离和表征相结合的机会，并突出其在EVs研究领域的潜力。
