Ghaffarian Mohammad Reza, Yadavi Alireza, Movahhedi Dehnavi Mohsen, Dabbagh Mohammadi Nassab Adel, Salehi Masoumeh
Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran.
Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2020 Jul;26(7):1319-1330. doi: 10.1007/s12298-020-00833-y. Epub 2020 Jun 23.
Due to the low quality of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions of the world, selection and management of forage plants suitable for saline condition is of great importance. Intercropping systems with halophyte plants not only improve production efficiency but also reduce soil salinity. In this study, the effects of different levels of irrigation water salinity and intercropping system on physiological indices and biological yield of Kochia, Guar and Sesbania were investigated during the growing seasons of 2016 and 2017. A split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factor was salinity of irrigation water (4, 9 and 14 dS m) and the sub-factor was different cropping systems that consisted of mono cropping of Guar, Sesbania or Kochia, intercropping of two species and intercropping of three species. Results showed that salt stress increased sodium in the leaves of Kochia, Guar and Sesbania. Compared to mono cropping of Guar, in intercropping of three species and in intercropping with Kochia, Guar leaf potassium content was increased by 33.3% and 19.9% respectively. Salinity levels of 9 and 14 dS m compared to salinity level of 4 dS m increased the soluble sugar content of Kochia plant by 65.7% and 52.7%, respectively. However, in similar salinity levels, the trend for soluble sugar changes in Guar was vice versa. Salinity treatment of 14 dS m decreased the relative water content of Sasbania and Guar leaves, but had a reverse effect on Kochia. Intercropping of two and three species also increased the relative water content of Sasbania and Guar leaves. Enhancement in salinity stress increased ionic leakage and malondialdehyde content of Guar leaf. On the other hand, at salinity level of 14 dS m, intercropping of three species increased the carotenoid content and decreased the amount of Guar leaf malondialdehyde compared to the Guar mono cropping system. The results of this study showed that salinity stress had negative effect on Guar yield but intercropping with Kochia could partly improve the yield of both Guar and Sesbania. In addition Kochia showed relatively good yield potential under salinity stress. Therefore, to improve the production of Sesbian and Guar, and also physiological performance of Kochia, intercropping system of these plants is recommended under salinity stress conditions.
由于世界干旱和半干旱地区水资源质量较低，选择和管理适合盐碱条件的饲用植物至关重要。与盐生植物的间作系统不仅能提高生产效率，还能降低土壤盐分。本研究在2016年和2017年生长季期间，研究了不同水平的灌溉水盐度和间作系统对地肤、瓜尔豆和田菁生理指标及生物产量的影响。采用随机完全区组设计进行裂区试验，重复三次。主因素为灌溉水盐度（4、9和14 dS m），副因素为不同的种植系统，包括瓜尔豆、田菁或地肤的单作、两种作物间作和三种作物间作。结果表明，盐胁迫增加了地肤、瓜尔豆和田菁叶片中的钠含量。与瓜尔豆单作相比，在三种作物间作以及与地肤间作时，瓜尔豆叶片钾含量分别增加了33.3%和19.9%。与4 dS m的盐度水平相比，9和14 dS m的盐度水平分别使地肤植株的可溶性糖含量增加了65.7%和52.7%。然而，在相似的盐度水平下，瓜尔豆中可溶性糖变化趋势则相反。14 dS m的盐度处理降低了田菁和瓜尔豆叶片的相对含水量，但对地肤有相反的影响。两种和三种作物间作也增加了田菁和瓜尔豆叶片的相对含水量。盐胁迫增强增加了瓜尔豆叶片的离子渗漏和丙二醛含量。另一方面，在14 dS m的盐度水平下，与瓜尔豆单作系统相比，三种作物间作增加了类胡萝卜素含量，降低了瓜尔豆叶片丙二醛含量。本研究结果表明，盐胁迫对瓜尔豆产量有负面影响，但与地肤间作可部分提高瓜尔豆和田菁的产量。此外，地肤在盐胁迫下表现出相对较好的产量潜力。因此，为提高田菁和瓜尔豆的产量以及地肤的生理性能，建议在盐胁迫条件下采用这些植物的间作系统。
