Hamidia Angela, Amiri Pouria, Faramarzi Mahbobeh, Yadollahpour Mohamah Hadi, Khafri Soraya
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Oman Med J. 2020 Jun 30;35(3):e138. doi: 10.5001/omj.2020.56. eCollection 2020 May.
Empathy is a core component of an efficient physician-patient relationship. Although students' preexisting medical views may influence responses to physician-patient relationship, there is little knowledge about the psychological predictive factors of empathic perspective for physician-patient relationship. We aimed to examine whether psychological well-being, dispositional perspective, and spiritual well-being could predict the empathic perspective of medical students regarding the physician-patient relationship.
In a cross-sectional study, 350 medical students of Babol University of Medical Sciences were recruited at four levels of education including basic sciences, preclinical medicine, clerkship, and internship. The students completed four questionnaires including Jefferson Scale of Empathy - student version, Brief Ryff psychological well-being, Individual Disposition, and Spiritual Well-Being.
The score of medical student's perspective to clinical empathy was high (106.1±29.8, range: 20-140), but diminished with further years of education. Female students had higher empathy scores than their male counterparts. Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed a strong positive significant relationship between student's perspective to clinical empathy and spiritual well-being (r = 0.56), cognitive empathy (r = 0.51), and psychological well-being (r = 0.43), and tendency to egalitarianism (r = 0.37). The results of stepwise multivariate analysis regression revealed that cognitive empathy (β = 0.300), self-esteem (β = 0.133), and spiritual well-being (β = 0.388) positively predicted student's perspective to clinical empathy regarding the physician-patient relationship.
The results suggested that promoting empathic care in curricula of medical schools may be more effective if students' preexisting perspectives, cognitive empathy, self-esteem, spiritual well-being, and tendency to egalitarianism are taken into account.
同理心是高效医患关系的核心组成部分。尽管学生先前的医学观点可能会影响其对医患关系的反应，但对于医患关系中同理心视角的心理预测因素知之甚少。我们旨在研究心理健康、性格视角和精神健康是否能够预测医学生对医患关系的同理心视角。
在一项横断面研究中，招募了巴博尔医科大学的350名医学生，他们处于包括基础科学、临床医学前期、临床实习和实习四个教育阶段。学生们完成了四份问卷，包括杰斐逊同理心量表 - 学生版、简易Ryff心理健康量表、个人性格量表和精神健康量表。
医学生对临床同理心的评分较高（106.1±29.8，范围：20 - 140），但随着教育年限的增加而降低。女生的同理心得分高于男生。皮尔逊相关系数显示，学生对临床同理心的视角与精神健康（r = 0.56）、认知同理心（r = 0.51）、心理健康（r = 0.43）以及平等主义倾向（r = 0.37）之间存在强正相关且具有显著意义。逐步多元分析回归结果显示，认知同理心（β = 0.300）、自尊（β = 0.133）和精神健康（β = 0.388）正向预测了学生对医患关系中临床同理心的视角。
结果表明，如果考虑到学生先前的视角、认知同理心、自尊、精神健康和平等主义倾向，那么在医学院课程中促进同理心关怀可能会更有效。
