Shariatipour Nikwan, Yazdani Mahboobeh, Carlsson Anders, Bengtsson Therése, Kianian Shahryar F, Jalli Marja, Rahmatov Mahbubjon
Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.
USDA-ARS Cereal Disease Laboratory, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA.
Plant Genome. 2025 Jun;18(2):e70059. doi: 10.1002/tpg2.70059.
Crown rust (Puccinia coronata f. sp. Avenae Erikss.) poses a significant threat to oat production worldwide. The most effective strategy for managing this disease involves identifying, mapping, and deploying resistance genes to develop cultivars with enhanced resistance. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked to crown rust resistance across diverse oat populations and environments. From 11 studies conducted between 2003 and 2024, we selected 167 QTLs, of which 127 were successfully mapped onto an oat consensus linkage map. These QTLs were mainly located on chromosomes of the D and C sub-genomes, showing considerable variation in genetic distances and marker associations. Based on the integration of these QTLs in a meta-QTL (MQTL) analysis, 23 MQTLs were identified for crown rust resistance in the oat genome. Gene mining within the MQTL intervals identified 1526 candidate genes, most of which were located in the D sub-genome. Functional analysis revealed that these genes play key roles in stress response, hormonal regulation, and polyamine metabolism, which are crucial for plant defense. Conserved regulatory elements (cis-acting regulatory element [CAREs]) were also identified in the promoter regions of key resistance genes, indicating their involvement in light response, stress regulation, and hormone signaling. This study represents a significant advancement in understanding the genetic architecture of crown rust resistance in oat and provides a valuable resource for breeding programs focused on improving disease resistance.
冠锈病（Puccinia coronata f. sp. Avenae Erikss.）对全球燕麦生产构成重大威胁。管理这种病害最有效的策略包括识别、定位和部署抗性基因，以培育具有增强抗性的品种。在本研究中，我们对不同燕麦群体和环境中与冠锈病抗性相关的数量性状位点（QTL）进行了荟萃分析。从2003年至2024年进行的11项研究中，我们选择了167个QTL，其中127个成功定位到燕麦共识连锁图谱上。这些QTL主要位于D和C亚基因组的染色体上，在遗传距离和标记关联方面表现出相当大的差异。基于这些QTL在元QTL（MQTL）分析中的整合，在燕麦基因组中鉴定出23个抗冠锈病的MQTL。在MQTL区间内进行基因挖掘，确定了1526个候选基因，其中大部分位于D亚基因组中。功能分析表明，这些基因在应激反应、激素调节和多胺代谢中起关键作用，而这些对于植物防御至关重要。在关键抗性基因的启动子区域也鉴定出了保守调控元件（顺式作用调控元件[CAREs]），表明它们参与光反应、应激调节和激素信号传导。本研究在理解燕麦冠锈病抗性的遗传结构方面取得了重大进展，并为专注于提高抗病性的育种计划提供了宝贵资源。
