Institute of Glocal Disease Control, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
Physiol Plant. 2021 Apr;171(4):546-558. doi: 10.1111/ppl.13166. Epub 2020 Jul 23.
High salinity induces osmotic stress and often leads to sodium ion-specific toxicity, with inhibitory effects on physiological, biochemical and developmental pathways. To cope with increased Na in soil water, plants restrict influx, compartmentalize ions into vacuoles, export excess Na from the cell, and distribute ions between the aerial and root organs. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of how high-affinity K transporters (HKT) contribute to salinity tolerance, focusing on HKT1-like family members primarily involved in long-distance transport, and in the recent research in the model plant Arabidopsis and its halophytic counterparts of the Eutrema genus. Functional characterization of the salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway and HKT1-type transporters in these species indicate that they utilize similar approaches to deal with salinity, regardless of their tolerance.
高盐度会引起渗透胁迫，通常会导致钠离子特异性毒性，对生理、生化和发育途径产生抑制作用。为了应对土壤水中增加的钠离子，植物会限制钠离子的流入，将离子分隔到液泡中，将多余的钠离子从细胞中输出，并在地上器官和根器官之间分配离子。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了我们目前对高亲和力钾转运蛋白（HKT）如何有助于耐盐性的理解，重点介绍主要参与长距离运输的 HKT1 样家族成员，以及模式植物拟南芥及其盐生对应物盐芥属的最新研究。这些物种中盐敏感过度（SOS）途径和 HKT1 型转运蛋白的功能特征表明，它们无论在耐盐性方面如何，都采用了类似的方法来应对盐度。
