Ülger Taha Gökmen, Uçar Aslı, Çakıroğlu Funda Pınar, Yilmaz Serkan
Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gölköy Campus, 14030, Bolu, Turkey.
University of Ankara, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Fatih Street, No: 197/A 06290, Keçiören, Ankara, Turkey.
Toxicon. 2020 Oct 15;185:104-113. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.07.004. Epub 2020 Jul 10.
Fungi produce mycotoxins in the presence of appropriate temperature, humidity, sufficient nutrients and if the density of the mushroom mass is favorable. Although all mycotoxins are of fungal origin, all toxic compounds produced by fungi are not called mycotoxins. The interest in mycotoxins first started in the 1960s, and today the interest in mycotoxin-induced diseases has increased. To date, 400 mycotoxins have been identified and the most important species producing mycotoxins belongs to Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria and Fusarium genera. Mycotoxins are classified as hepatotoxins, nephrotoxins, neurotoxins, immunotoxins etc. In this review genotoxic and also other health effects of some major mycotoxin groups like Aflatoxins, Ochratoxins, Patulin, Fumonisins, Zearalenone, Trichothecenes and Ergot alkaloids were deeply analyzed.
在适宜的温度、湿度、充足的营养以及蘑菇群体密度有利的情况下，真菌会产生霉菌毒素。虽然所有霉菌毒素都源自真菌，但并非真菌产生的所有有毒化合物都被称为霉菌毒素。对霉菌毒素的关注始于20世纪60年代，如今对霉菌毒素所致疾病的关注有所增加。迄今为止，已鉴定出400种霉菌毒素，产生霉菌毒素的最重要菌种属于曲霉属、青霉属、链格孢属和镰刀菌属。霉菌毒素可分为肝毒素、肾毒素、神经毒素、免疫毒素等。在本综述中，对黄曲霉毒素、赭曲霉毒素、展青霉素、伏马菌素、玉米赤霉烯酮、单端孢霉烯族毒素和麦角生物碱等一些主要霉菌毒素类别的遗传毒性及其他健康影响进行了深入分析。
