（S）-（-）-柠檬烯局部应用在改善大鼠受损骨骼肌氧化参数方面与超声透入疗法同样有效。
Topical application of (S)-(-)-limonene is as effective as phonophoresis for improving oxidative parameters of injured skeletal muscle in rats.
作者信息
Santos Marta Maria Barbosa, Filho Luís Fernando Sousa, De Souza Jéssica Batista, Filho José Evaldo Rodrigues De Menezes, Mesquita Thássio Ricardo Ribeiro, Santos Michel Santana, De Vasconcelos Carla Maria Lins, Lauton-Santos Sandra, De Oliveira Evaleide Diniz
机构信息
Department of Physical Therapy, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil.
Graduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil.
出版信息
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2020 Dec;393(12):2293-2300. doi: 10.1007/s00210-020-01941-y. Epub 2020 Jul 11.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of limonene, alone or associated with therapeutic ultrasound, on oxidative stress following skeletal muscle injury. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: CTR-control, MI-muscle injury without treatment, TPU-therapeutic pulsed ultrasound alone, TPU + LIM-phonophoresis with 5% limonene, and LIM-5% limonene applied topically. Muscle injury was induced by a mechanical abrupt impact over gastrocnemius muscle. The animals were treated in the following intervals: 2, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after injury. Blood and gastrocnemius samples were collected 98 h after lesion for data analysis. Creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, lipid peroxidation (TBARS) levels, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were assessed. CK (p = 0.01), SOD activity (p < 0.01), and TBARS levels (p < 0.01) were increased after injury. There was no effect on LDH levels in any group. Phonophoresis (TABRS p < 0.01; SOD p = 0.01), TPU alone (TBARS p < 0.01; SOD p = 0.01), and LIM alone (TBARS p < 0.01; SOD p < 0.01) reduced TBARS levels and SOD activity after muscle injury. There was no change for CAT activity after injury. Only phonophoresis reduced CK activity after injury (p < 0.01). There was no difference between phonophoresis, TPU alone and LIM alone groups for TBARS, SOD, CAT, and LDH. Limonene alone and TPU alone were effective in reducing oxidative stress parameters after skeletal muscle injury. Only phonophoresis decreased CK activity. Skeletal muscle injury increases reactive oxidative species (ROS) levels and muscle proteins activity as creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Five percent limonene, alone or associated with therapeutic pulsed ultrasound, exhibited reduction of CK, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, and lipid peroxidation markers (TBARS). Graphical abstract.
本研究旨在调查柠檬烯单独或与治疗性超声联合应用对骨骼肌损伤后氧化应激的影响。将30只雄性Wistar大鼠分为5组：CTR-对照组、MI-未治疗的肌肉损伤组、TPU-单独使用治疗性脉冲超声组、TPU + LIM-含5%柠檬烯的离子导入组以及LIM-局部应用5%柠檬烯组。通过对腓肠肌进行机械性突然撞击诱导肌肉损伤。在损伤后的2、12、24、48、72和96小时对动物进行治疗。损伤后98小时采集血液和腓肠肌样本进行数据分析。评估肌酸激酶（CK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性、脂质过氧化（TBARS）水平、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。损伤后CK（p = 0.01）、SOD活性（p < 0.01）和TBARS水平（p < 0.01）升高。任何组对LDH水平均无影响。离子导入（TBARS p < 0.01；SOD p = 0.01）、单独使用TPU（TBARS p < 0.01；SOD p = 0.01）和单独使用LIM（TBARS p < 0.01；SOD p < 0.01）可降低肌肉损伤后的TBARS水平和SOD活性。损伤后CAT活性无变化。仅离子导入可降低损伤后的CK活性（p < 0.01）。离子导入组、单独使用TPU组和单独使用LIM组在TBARS、SOD、CAT和LDH方面无差异。单独使用柠檬烯和单独使用TPU可有效降低骨骼肌损伤后的氧化应激参数。仅离子导入降低了CK活性。骨骼肌损伤会增加活性氧（ROS）水平以及肌酸激酶（CK）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）等肌肉蛋白的活性。5%柠檬烯单独或与治疗性脉冲超声联合应用，可降低CK、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性以及脂质过氧化标志物（TBARS）。图形摘要。
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