Kotler Jennifer, Mehr Samuel A, Egner Alena, Haig David, Krasnow Max M
Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Evol Hum Behav. 2019 Sep;40(5):420-426. doi: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2019.05.003. Epub 2019 May 18.
Parent-offspring conflict-conflict over resource distribution within families due to differences in genetic relatedness-is the biological foundation for many psychological phenomena. In genomic imprinting disorders, parent-specific genetic expression is altered causing imbalances in behaviors influenced by parental investment. We use this natural experiment to test the theory that parent-offspring conflict contributed to the evolution of vocal music by moderating infant demands for parental attention. Individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome, a genomic imprinting disorder resulting from increased relative maternal genetic contribution, show enhanced relaxation responses to song, consistent with demand for parental investment (Mehr et al., 2017, ). We report the necessary complementary pattern here: individuals with Angelman syndrome, a genomic imprinting disorder resulting from increased relative paternal genetic contribution, demonstrate a relatively reduced relaxation response to song, suggesting demand for parental attention. These results support the extension of genetic conflict theories to psychological resources like parental attention.
亲子冲突——由于基因相关性差异导致的家庭内部资源分配冲突——是许多心理现象的生物学基础。在基因组印记障碍中，亲代特异性基因表达发生改变，导致受亲代投资影响的行为失衡。我们利用这个自然实验来检验一种理论，即亲子冲突通过调节婴儿对父母关注的需求，促进了声乐的进化。普拉德-威利综合征患者由于母亲相对基因贡献增加而导致的一种基因组印记障碍，对歌曲表现出增强的放松反应，这与对父母投资的需求一致（梅尔等人，2017年）。我们在此报告了必要的互补模式：天使综合征患者，一种由于父亲相对基因贡献增加而导致的基因组印记障碍，对歌曲的放松反应相对降低，表明对父母关注的需求较低。这些结果支持将基因冲突理论扩展到像父母关注这样的心理资源上。
