Tomes Colin, Schram Ben, Pope Rodney, Orr Robin
Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia.
Tactical Research Unit, Bond University, Robina, Australia.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2020 Jul 6;12:39. doi: 10.1186/s13102-020-00188-7. eCollection 2020.
In the conduct of their daily duties, law enforcement officers (LEO) are often required to perform dynamic, physically demanding tasks with little or no notice, sometimes at maximal levels of exertion. Given these requirements, training for prospective LEOs must be rigorous enough to ensure that when trainees graduate, they are competent in their response to crisis and resilient enough to maintain this for the span of their career. Therefore, based on previously reported effectiveness of fitness testing in predicting injury risk in predominantly military settings, the aim of this study was to investigate relationships between a physical ability test (PAT) and risk of injury during police recruit training.
Retrospective PAT results and trainee injury records were obtained from a national police department and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to investigate fitness differences between trainees who were, or were not, injured. Significant results were tested for effect size using Cliff's delta (CD).
Significant differences in mean performance between groups existed for the following PAT components: pushups (injured mean 32.94 ± 8.66 reps, uninjured mean 35.67 ± 9.04 reps, = 0.01 CD + 0.11) and right-hand grip strength (injured mean 49.61 ± 12.51 kg, uninjured mean 52.12 ± 11.17 kg, = 0.042 CD + 0.22) for all injuries; vertical jump height (injured mean 51.75 ± 7.54 cm, uninjured mean 55.06 ± 8.19 cm, = 0.032 CD + 0.41) for lower limb injuries, and all measures of grip strength for trunk injury.
The results of this study suggest that a significant relationship between some PAT fitness components and injury risk exists during police recruit training.
执法人员在履行日常职责时，常常需要在很少或没有预先通知的情况下执行动态的、对体力要求很高的任务，有时要达到最大程度的 exertion（此处原文有误，推测是“体力消耗”之意，应是“exertion”，正确翻译为“体力消耗”）。鉴于这些要求，对未来执法人员的培训必须足够严格，以确保学员毕业时能够胜任应对危机的工作，并且有足够的适应能力在其职业生涯中保持这种状态。因此，基于先前报道的体能测试在主要军事环境中预测受伤风险的有效性，本研究的目的是调查体能测试（PAT）与警察学员培训期间受伤风险之间的关系。
从一个国家警察部门获取回顾性的体能测试结果和学员受伤记录，并进行曼-惠特尼U检验，以调查受伤学员与未受伤学员之间的体能差异。使用克里夫德尔塔（CD）对显著结果进行效应量检验。
在以下体能测试组成部分中，两组之间的平均表现存在显著差异：所有受伤情况的俯卧撑（受伤学员平均32.94±8.66次，未受伤学员平均35.67±9.04次，=0.01，CD+0.11）和右手握力（受伤学员平均49.61±12.51千克，未受伤学员平均52.12±11.17千克，=0.042，CD+0.22）；下肢受伤情况的垂直跳高度（受伤学员平均51.75±7.54厘米，未受伤学员平均55.06±8.19厘米，=0.032，CD+0.41），以及躯干受伤情况的所有握力测量值。
本研究结果表明，在警察学员培训期间，某些体能测试的体能组成部分与受伤风险之间存在显著关系。
