Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
Int J Dev Biol. 2020;64(1-2-3):181-201. doi: 10.1387/ijdb.190285vb.
The epigenetic mechanisms regulating developmental gene expression are examples of a strategy to generate unique expression profiles with global regulators controlling several genes. In a simplified view, a common set of tools, that include DNA motif recognizing proteins (recruiters), binding/interacting surfaces (ARPs- actin related proteins), epigenetic writers (histone methyltransferases, acetylases), readers (chromatin remodeling proteins, PRC1 members) and erasers (demethylases, deacetylases) form complexes which not only regulate transcription, but also retain the transcriptional memory through mitosis. There are two arms of epigenetic regulation: covalent modification of DNA and the post-translational modification of histones. In this review, we discuss both of these aspects briefly to illustrate functional diversity. We discuss our efforts at utilization of the genome sequence data for de novo identification of new players and their functional validation in this remarkable process.
调控发育相关基因表达的表观遗传机制是一种利用全局调控因子控制多个基因来产生独特表达谱的策略的例子。从简化的角度来看，一组常见的工具，包括 DNA 基序识别蛋白（招募者）、结合/相互作用表面（ARPs-肌动蛋白相关蛋白）、表观遗传写入器（组蛋白甲基转移酶、乙酰转移酶）、读取器（染色质重塑蛋白、PRC1 成员）和橡皮擦（去甲基化酶、去乙酰化酶）形成复合物，不仅可以调节转录，还可以通过有丝分裂保留转录记忆。表观遗传调控有两个方面：DNA 的共价修饰和组蛋白的翻译后修饰。在这篇综述中，我们简要地讨论了这两个方面，以说明其功能多样性。我们讨论了我们在利用基因组序列数据进行从头鉴定新的参与者及其在这一显著过程中的功能验证方面所做的努力。
