School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand.
School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2020 Dec;65:96-101. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.06.001. Epub 2020 Jul 11.
Experiments and biomolecular simulations are revealing new and unexpected details of how enzymes are adapted to specific temperatures. These findings are elucidating enzyme evolutionary trajectories and offer great promise for design and engineering of natural and artificial enzymes. They also have implications for understanding responses of larger scale biological temperature dependence, relevant for understanding the effects of climate change on ecosystems. We review recent work on the temperature dependence of enzyme-catalysed reaction rates and the implications for enzyme evolution. Evidence from kinetic isotope effects, temperature dependent reaction rates, molecular dynamics simulations and thermodynamics provides new insights into enzyme thermoadaptation and evolution.
实验和生物分子模拟正在揭示酶如何适应特定温度的新的和意外的细节。这些发现阐明了酶的进化轨迹，并为设计和工程天然和人工酶提供了很大的前景。它们也对理解更大规模的生物温度依赖性的反应具有重要意义，这对于理解气候变化对生态系统的影响至关重要。我们综述了酶催化反应速率的温度依赖性及其对酶进化的影响的最新研究进展。来自动力学同位素效应、温度依赖的反应速率、分子动力学模拟和热力学的证据为酶的热适应和进化提供了新的见解。
