Laminou Saidou A, Ba Malick Niango, Karimoune Laouali, Doumma Ali, Muniappan Rangaswamy
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), BP 12404 Niamey, Niger.
University Abdou Moumouni, BP 10896 Niamey, Niger.
Insects. 2020 Jul 9;11(7):430. doi: 10.3390/insects11070430.
The fall armyworm (FAW), (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an insect native to the tropical and subtropical Americas that has recently spread to Africa, where it predominately attacks maize, sorghum and other plant species. Biological control is an environmentally friendly way of combatting the pest and contributes to an integrated pest management approach. In Africa, several trichogrammatid parasitoids and Nixon (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) have been found parasitizing eggs of the FAW. In Niger, the egg parasitoids encountered include sp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and Nixon. Parasitism of the FAW eggs by the two egg parasitoids was assessed in the laboratory, followed by field testing on sentinel eggs. In the laboratory, parasitized on average 78% of FAW eggs, compared to 25% for sp. was able to parasitize egg masses that were fully covered with scales, while sp. parasitized only uncovered egg masses. On-farm releases of in sorghum fields caused up to 64% of FAW egg parasitism. Parasitized eggs yielded viable progeny, which can contribute to FAW egg parasitism build-up during the cropping season. Our findings lay the groundwork for the use of in augmentative releases against FAW in Africa.
草地贪夜蛾（FAW），学名[（J.E. Smith）（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）]，原产于热带和亚热带美洲，最近已扩散至非洲，在非洲它主要侵害玉米、高粱及其他植物物种。生物防治是一种环保的害虫防治方法，有助于综合害虫管理策略的实施。在非洲，已发现几种赤眼蜂科寄生蜂以及[尼克松（膜翅目：扁股小蜂科）]寄生草地贪夜蛾的卵。在尼日尔，所遇到的卵寄生蜂包括[某物种（膜翅目：赤眼蜂科）]和尼克松。在实验室评估了这两种卵寄生蜂对草地贪夜蛾卵的寄生情况，随后对标记卵进行了田间试验。在实验室中，[某物种]平均寄生78%的草地贪夜蛾卵，而[另一物种]为25%。[某物种]能够寄生完全被鳞片覆盖的卵块，而[另一物种]仅寄生未覆盖的卵块。在高粱田进行[某物种]的田间释放，导致高达64%的草地贪夜蛾卵被寄生。被寄生的卵产生了有活力的后代，这有助于在作物生长季节积累草地贪夜蛾卵的寄生率。我们的研究结果为在非洲利用[某物种]进行草地贪夜蛾的增殖释放奠定了基础。
