Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Chiba, Japan.
Immunol Med. 2021 Mar;44(1):30-34. doi: 10.1080/25785826.2020.1792040. Epub 2020 Jul 14.
Altered abundance and composition of the gut microbiota, i.e., dysbiosis, is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases including not only gastrointestinal diseases but also metabolic, neurological, and autoimmune disorders. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) aims to correct dysbiosis by administrating feces collected from donors and thus treat the underlying disease. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation in the large intestine. Patients with UC have been reported to have dysbiosis, and more specifically, reduced diversity and abundance of the gut microbiota. FMT has been tried as a treatment for UC. Favorable effects of FMT on UC had been reported in case reports or case series. Recently, four randomized controlled trials of FMT for UC were published. Three of the four studies reported that FMT was more effective than control treatment. Thus, FMT is considered as a promising treatment for UC; however, there are many issues to solve before FMT can become a standard therapy for UC including donor selection, administration routes, frequencies, easy-to-administer formulation development, and optimal patient population.
肠道微生物群落的组成和丰度发生改变，即肠道菌群失调，与多种疾病的发病机制有关，不仅包括胃肠道疾病，还包括代谢、神经和自身免疫性疾病。粪便微生物移植（FMT）旨在通过给予供体粪便来纠正菌群失调，从而治疗潜在疾病。溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种以大肠慢性炎症为特征的疾病。据报道，UC 患者存在肠道菌群失调，更具体地说，肠道微生物多样性和丰度降低。FMT 已被尝试用于 UC 的治疗。在病例报告或病例系列中报道了 FMT 对 UC 的有利影响。最近，有四项 FMT 治疗 UC 的随机对照试验发表。四项研究中的三项报告称，FMT 比对照治疗更有效。因此，FMT 被认为是 UC 的一种有前途的治疗方法；然而，在 FMT 成为 UC 的标准治疗方法之前，还有许多问题需要解决，包括供体选择、给药途径、频率、易于给药的制剂开发以及最佳患者人群。
