Oral Biology and Biochemistry Research Group, LIBPhys, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Center for Research on Dental Implants, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis/SC, Brazil.
J Oral Implantol. 2021 Feb 1;47(1):9-17. doi: 10.1563/aaid-joi-D-19-00172.
The aim of this study was to characterize the mechanical properties of a bioactive-modified polyetheretherketone (PEEK) manufacturing approach for dental implants and to compare the in vitro biological behavior with titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) as the reference. PEEK, PEEK with 5% hydroxyapatite (HA), PEEK with 5% beta-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP), and Ti6Al4V discs were produced using hot pressing technology to create a functionally graded material (FGM). Surface roughness values (Ra, Rz), water contact angle, shear bond strength, and Vickers hardness tests were performed. Human osteoblasts and gingival fibroblasts bioactivity was evaluated by a resazurin-based method, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images of fluorescent-stained fibroblasts. Morphology and cellular adhesion were confirmed using field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM). Group comparisons were tested using analysis of variance (Tukey post hoc test), α = .05. All groups presented similar roughness values (P > .05). Ti6Al4V group was found to have the highest contact angle (P < .05). Shear bond strength and Vickers hardness of different PEEK materials were similar (P > .05); however, the mean values in the Ti6Al4V group were significantly higher when compared with those of the other groups (P < .05). Cell viability and proliferation of osteoblast and fibroblast cells were higher in the PEEK group (P < .05). PEEK-βTCP showed the highest significant ALP activity over time (P < .05 at 14 days of culture). An enhanced bone and soft-tissue cell behavior on pure PEEK was obtained to the gold standard (Ti6Al4V) with equivalent roughness. The results substantiate the potential role of chemical composition rather than physical properties of materials in biological responses. The addition of 5% HA or βTCP by FGM did not enhance PEEK mechanical properties or periodontal cell behavior.
本研究旨在表征用于牙科植入物的生物活性改性聚醚醚酮（PEEK）制造方法的机械性能，并将其与钛合金（Ti6Al4V）的体外生物行为进行比较，Ti6Al4V 作为参考。使用热压技术制造 PEEK、5%羟基磷灰石（HA）的 PEEK、5%β-磷酸三钙（βTCP）的 PEEK 和 Ti6Al4V 圆盘，以制造功能梯度材料（FGM）。进行表面粗糙度值（Ra、Rz）、水接触角、剪切结合强度和维氏硬度测试。通过基于 Resazurin 的方法、碱性磷酸酶活性（ALP）和荧光染色成纤维细胞的共焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）图像评估人成骨细胞和牙龈成纤维细胞的生物活性。使用场发射枪扫描电子显微镜（FEG-SEM）确认形态和细胞黏附。使用方差分析（Tukey 事后检验）检验组间比较，α=0.05。所有组的粗糙度值相似（P>0.05）。Ti6Al4V 组的接触角最高（P<0.05）。不同 PEEK 材料的剪切结合强度和维氏硬度相似（P>0.05）；然而，与其他组相比，Ti6Al4V 组的平均值明显更高（P<0.05）。成骨细胞和成纤维细胞的细胞活力和增殖在 PEEK 组更高（P<0.05）。PEEK-βTCP 在培养 14 天时表现出最高的 ALP 活性（P<0.05）。与金标准（Ti6Al4V）相比，纯 PEEK 获得了增强的骨和软组织细胞行为，具有等效的粗糙度。结果证实了材料化学成分而不是物理性质在生物反应中的潜在作用。通过 FGM 添加 5%HA 或βTCP 并未增强 PEEK 的机械性能或牙周细胞行为。
