Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland.
Institute for Human Centered Engineering, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Quellgasse 21, Biel, CH-2501, Switzerland.
Clin Oral Investig. 2024 May 3;28(5):294. doi: 10.1007/s00784-024-05671-w.
To compare ultrasonic scaler prototypes based on a planar piezoelectric transducer with different working frequencies featuring a titanium (Ti-20, Ti-28, and Ti-40) or stainless steel (SS-28) instrument, with a commercially available scaler (com-29) in terms of biofilm removal and reformation, dentine surface roughness and adhesion of periodontal fibroblasts.
A periodontal multi-species biofilm was formed on specimens with dentine slices. Thereafter specimens were instrumented with scalers in a periodontal pocket model or left untreated (control). The remaining biofilms were quantified and allowed to reform on instrumented dentine slices. In addition, fibroblasts were seeded for attachment evaluation after 72 h of incubation. Dentine surface roughness was analyzed before and after instrumentation.
All tested instruments reduced the colony-forming unit (cfu) counts by about 3 to 4 log and the biofilm quantity (each p < 0.01 vs. control), but with no statistically significant difference between the instrumented groups. After 24-hour biofilm reformation, no differences in cfu counts were observed between any groups, but the biofilm quantity was about 50% in all instrumented groups compared to the control. The attachment of fibroblasts on instrumented dentine was significantly higher than on untreated dentine (p < 0.05), with the exception of Ti-20. The dentine surface roughness was not affected by any instrumentation.
The planar piezoelectric scaler prototypes are able to efficiently remove biofilm without dentine surface alterations, regardless of the operating frequency or instrument material.
Ultrasonic scalers based on a planar piezoelectric transducer might be an alternative to currently available ultrasonic scalers.
比较基于平面压电换能器的不同工作频率的超声洁牙机原型（钛（Ti-20、Ti-28 和 Ti-40）或不锈钢（SS-28）器械）与市售洁牙机（com-29）在去除和再形成生物膜、牙本质表面粗糙度和牙周成纤维细胞黏附方面的性能。
在牙本质切片上形成牙周多物种生物膜。然后，将标本置于牙周袋模型中用洁牙机处理或不处理（对照）。定量剩余生物膜，并允许其在器械处理的牙本质切片上再形成。此外，在孵育 72 小时后播种成纤维细胞以评估附着。在器械处理前后分析牙本质表面粗糙度。
所有测试器械均将集落形成单位（cfu）计数减少约 3 至 4 个对数，生物膜量（每种均 p<0.01 与对照相比），但器械处理组之间无统计学差异。在 24 小时生物膜再形成后，任何组之间的 cfu 计数均无差异，但与对照相比，所有器械处理组的生物膜量约为 50%。在器械处理的牙本质上，成纤维细胞的附着明显高于未处理的牙本质（p<0.05），Ti-20 除外。牙本质表面粗糙度不受任何器械处理的影响。
无论操作频率或器械材料如何，平面压电洁牙机原型都能有效地去除生物膜而不改变牙本质表面。
基于平面压电换能器的超声洁牙机可能是目前市售超声洁牙机的替代品。
