Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacy, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road (Main Pharmacy), P.O Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020 Jul 14;20(1):222. doi: 10.1186/s12906-020-03012-4.
Statins are considered as standard drugs to control cholesterol levels, but their use is also associated with renal hypertrophy, hemorrhagic stroke, hepatomegaly, and myopathy. Murraya koenigii is an herb that is used in traditional cuisine and as a medicine in South Asia. Here we assessed the antidyslipidemic and antiatherosclerotic effects of this spice in repeated heated mix vegetable oils (RHMVO)-induced atherosclerotic models.
Aqueous extract of M. koenigii leaves (Mk LE) was prepared and its phytoconstituents were determined. Rabbits were divided into 5 groups (n = 10). Except for the control group, all the other four groups were treated with RHMVO for 16 weeks (dose = 2 ml/kg/day) to induce dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. These groups were further treated for 10 weeks either with 300 and 500 mg/kg/day Mk LE, lovastatin, RHMVO, or left untreated. Body and organ weights were measured along with oxidative stress and tissue damage parameters. Lipid profile and hepatic function markers were studied. Atheroma measurement and histopathological examination were also performed in control and treated groups.
Mk LE significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated RHMVO-induced dyslipidemia and atheroma formation. Furthermore, fat accumulation and lipid peroxidation in hepatic tissues were reduced by Mk LE in a dose-dependent manner. Our results indicated that the antidyslipidemic effects of Mk LE in 500 mg/kg/day dose were comparable to lovastatin. Additionally, oxidative stress markers were reduced much more significantly in Mk LE-500 than in the statin group (p < 0.05).
This study recommends Mk LE as a potent antioxidant and lipid-lowering natural medicine that can attenuate the RHMVO-induced atherosclerotic in optimal doses and duration. Therefore, Mk LE can be accessible, cheap, and free of adverse effects alternate to statins.
他汀类药物被认为是控制胆固醇水平的标准药物，但它们的使用也与肾肥大、出血性中风、肝肿大和肌病有关。九里香是一种在南亚传统烹饪和药用中使用的草药。在这里，我们评估了这种香料在反复加热混合植物油（RHMVO）诱导的动脉粥样硬化模型中的降血脂和抗动脉粥样硬化作用。
制备九里香叶的水提取物（Mk LE），并测定其植物成分。将兔子分为 5 组（n = 10）。除对照组外，其余四组均用 RHMVO 处理 16 周（剂量 = 2ml/kg/天）诱导血脂异常和动脉粥样硬化。这些组进一步用 300 和 500mg/kg/天的 Mk LE、洛伐他汀、RHMVO 或不治疗治疗 10 周。测量体重和器官重量以及氧化应激和组织损伤参数。研究血脂谱和肝功能标志物。还在对照组和治疗组中进行了动脉粥样硬化测量和组织病理学检查。
Mk LE 显著（p < 0.05）减轻了 RHMVO 诱导的血脂异常和动脉粥样硬化形成。此外，Mk LE 以剂量依赖性方式减少肝组织中的脂肪堆积和脂质过氧化。我们的结果表明，Mk LE 在 500mg/kg/天剂量下的降血脂作用与洛伐他汀相当。此外，Mk LE-500 组的氧化应激标志物降低更为显著（p < 0.05）。
这项研究推荐 Mk LE 作为一种有效的抗氧化剂和降脂天然药物，可在最佳剂量和时间内减轻 RHMVO 诱导的动脉粥样硬化。因此，Mk LE 可以替代他汀类药物，具有易得、廉价和无副作用的优点。
