Garrett Laura D
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA.
Vet Med (Auckl). 2014 Aug 12;5:49-58. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S41005. eCollection 2014.
Mast cell tumors (MCTs) are the most common malignant skin cancer in dogs, and significant variability exists in their biological behavior. Most MCTs are cured with appropriate local therapy, but a subset shows malignant behavior with the potential to spread to lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and other areas and to thus become a systemic cancer. Because of this variable behavior, it is difficult to predict how any individual tumor is going to behave. The variability thus creates uncertainty in deciding what a particular dog's prognosis is, whether staging tests to assess for metastasis are needed, and even what treatments will be necessary for best outcome. In addition to controversies over the potential for development of systemic disease, or diffuse metastasis, controversies also exist over what treatment is needed to best attain local control of these tumors. This article will briefly discuss the diagnosis of MCTs in dogs and will summarize the literature in regards to the controversial topics surrounding the more aggressive form of this disease, with recommendations made based on published studies.
肥大细胞瘤（MCTs）是犬类最常见的恶性皮肤癌，其生物学行为存在显著差异。大多数MCTs通过适当的局部治疗可治愈，但有一部分表现出恶性行为，有可能扩散至淋巴结、肝脏、脾脏及其他部位，进而发展为全身性癌症。由于这种行为的变异性，很难预测任何单个肿瘤的发展情况。这种变异性在确定特定犬只的预后、是否需要进行分期检查以评估转移情况，甚至为获得最佳治疗效果需要采取何种治疗措施等方面都造成了不确定性。除了关于全身性疾病或弥漫性转移发展可能性的争议外，对于如何最好地实现对这些肿瘤的局部控制也存在争议。本文将简要讨论犬类MCTs的诊断，并总结围绕这种疾病更具侵袭性形式的争议性话题的文献，并根据已发表的研究提出建议。
