Department of Physiotherapy, 549319Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Biostatistics Unit, 161667School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
Am J Health Promot. 2021 Feb;35(2):236-249. doi: 10.1177/0890117120940133. Epub 2020 Jul 16.
To evaluate the effects of financial incentives on physical activity (PA).
MEDLINE, Embase, 7 other databases, and 2 trial registries until July 17, 2019.
Randomized controlled trials with adults aged ≥18 years assessing the effect of financial incentives on PA. Any comparator was eligible provided the only difference between groups was the incentive strategy.
Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed study quality. Of 5765 records identified, 57 records (51 unique trials; n = 17 773 participants) were included.
Random-effects models pooling data for each of the 5 PA domains.
Financial incentives increase leisure time PA (gym or class attendance; standardized mean difference [95% CI], 0.46 [0.28-0.63], n = 5057) and walking behavior (steps walked; 0.25 [0.13-0.36], n = 3254). No change in total minutes of PA (0.52 [-0.09 to 1.12], n = 968), kilocalories expended (0.19 [-0.06 to 0.44], n = 247), or the proportion of participants meeting PA guidelines (risk ratio [95% CI] 1.53 [0.53-4.44], n = 650) postintervention was observed. After intervention has ceased, incentives sustain a slight increase in leisure time PA (0.10 [0.02-0.18], n = 2678) and walking behavior (0.11 [0.00-0.22], n = 2425).
Incentives probably improve leisure time PA and walking at intervention end, and small improvements may be sustained over time once incentives have ceased. They lead to little or no difference in kilocalories expended or minutes of PA. It is uncertain whether incentives change the likelihood of meeting PA guidelines because the certainty of the evidence is low.
评估经济激励对身体活动（PA）的影响。
MEDLINE、Embase、其他 7 个数据库和 2 个试验注册处，截至 2019 年 7 月 17 日。
纳入评估经济激励对 PA 影响的成人（年龄≥18 岁）随机对照试验。只要组间唯一的区别是激励策略，任何对照都符合条件。
两名独立审查员提取数据并评估研究质量。在确定的 5765 条记录中，有 57 条记录（51 项独立试验；n=17773 名参与者）被纳入。
对每个 5 个 PA 领域的数据进行随机效应模型汇总。
经济激励增加了休闲时间 PA（健身房或课程出勤率；标准化均数差[95%置信区间]，0.46[0.28-0.63]，n=5057）和步行行为（步数；0.25[0.13-0.36]，n=3254）。PA 的总分钟数（0.52[-0.09 至 1.12]，n=968）、消耗的千卡数（0.19[-0.06 至 0.44]，n=247）或符合 PA 指南的参与者比例（风险比[95%置信区间]1.53[0.53-4.44]，n=650）在干预后没有变化。干预停止后，激励措施持续轻微增加休闲时间 PA（0.10[0.02-0.18]，n=2678）和步行行为（0.11[0.00-0.22]，n=2425）。
激励措施可能会在干预结束时改善休闲时间 PA 和步行，一旦激励措施停止，可能会持续一小段时间的微小改善。它们在消耗的千卡数或 PA 分钟数方面几乎没有或没有差异。由于证据的确定性较低，因此尚不确定激励措施是否会改变符合 PA 指南的可能性。
