Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, Kangwon-do 24341, Republic of Korea.
Resources Recycling, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea; Mineral Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon 34132, Republic of Korea.
Waste Manag. 2020 Aug 1;114:148-165. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.06.030. Epub 2020 Jul 13.
Spent auto-catalysts are considered as promising platinum group metals (PGMs) resources based on their rapidly increasing demand along with the underlying uncertainty of the sustainability and long-term availability of PGMs. Recycling spent auto-catalysts presents attractive advantages, particularly for the conservation of primary resources reserves, and for the reduction of negative environmental impact due to exploitation. PGM reclamation is the major aim of recycling operations despite their minor concentration in spent auto-catalysts, which implies that the remaining materials are disposed of as unwanted solid waste after the extraction process. This poses a genuine challenge, as well as a motivation to develop recycling processes for spent auto-catalysts capable of recovering all components/valuable metals, while moderating environmental pollution and global warming. The focus herein involves the description of the available technologies, including pyro- and hydro-metallurgical processes, to recover PGMs from spent auto-catalysts, and specifically an analysis of the developmental trends in recycling methods to ensure "sustainable metallurgy".
废弃汽车催化剂被认为是有前途的铂族金属 (PGM) 资源，因为它们的需求迅速增长，而 PGM 的可持续性和长期供应存在不确定性。回收废弃汽车催化剂具有很大的吸引力，特别是对于保护主要资源储备和减少因开采而造成的负面环境影响。尽管 PGM 在废弃汽车催化剂中的浓度较低，但回收的主要目的是回收 PGM，这意味着在提取过程之后，剩余的材料作为无用的固体废物被处理掉。这既是一个真正的挑战，也是开发能够回收所有组件/有价值金属的废弃汽车催化剂回收技术的动力，同时减轻环境污染和全球变暖。本文的重点是描述可用于从废弃汽车催化剂中回收 PGM 的现有技术，包括火法和湿法冶金工艺，并特别分析回收方法的发展趋势，以确保“可持续冶金”。
