Mason Emily, L'Hocine Lamia, Achouri Allaoua, Pitre Mélanie, Karboune Salwa
Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 3600 Casavant Boulevard West, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 8E3, Canada.
Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, McGill University 21, 111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada.
Foods. 2020 Jul 14;9(7):932. doi: 10.3390/foods9070932.
The bioactive properties and health-promoting effects of two novel yellow (C09052, C05041) and two brown (Calvi, Bastia) hairless canary seed ( L.) cultivars were investigated in comparison to two common cereal grains (wheat and oat). The cereal flours were digested using the standardized INFOGEST in vitro human gastrointestinal digestion model. The three-kilo dalton molecular weight cutoff (3 kDa MWCO) permeate of the generated digestates was assessed in vitro for their antioxidant, chelating, antihypertensive and antidiabetic activities. The results showed no significant differences in studied bioactivities between yellow and brown canary seed cultivars, except for antioxidant activity by the DPPH and chelating Fe2+ assays, where brown cultivars had higher activities. Canary seeds had superior or equivalent antioxidant activity than those from oat and wheat. The anti-hypertensive activity (Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition) in yellow canary seed cultivars was significantly higher than that of oat and wheat, particularly for C09052 and Calvi varieties. Peptides exhibiting the highest antihypertensive activity from the permeate of the C09052 canary seed variety were further fractionated and identified by mass spectrometry. Forty-six peptides were identified belonging to 18 proteins from the Pooideae subfamily. Fourteen of the parent proteins were homologous to barley proteins. Peptides were analyzed in silico to determine potential bioactivity based on their amino acid composition. All 46 peptides had potential anti-hypertensive and anti-diabetic activities and 20 had potential antioxidant activity, thereby validating the in vitro assay data. Canary seed peptides also exhibited potential antiamnestic, antithrombotic, immunostimulating, opioid and neuro-activity, demonstrating important potential for health promoting effects, particularly against cardiovascular disease.
研究了两个新型黄色（C09052、C05041）和两个棕色（卡尔维、巴斯蒂亚）无毛金丝雀籽品种的生物活性特性和促进健康的效果，并与两种常见谷物（小麦和燕麦）进行了比较。使用标准化的INFOGEST体外人体胃肠道消化模型对谷物粉进行消化。对生成的消化产物的3千道尔顿分子量截留值（3 kDa MWCO）渗透物进行体外抗氧化、螯合、抗高血压和抗糖尿病活性评估。结果表明，黄色和棕色金丝雀籽品种之间在研究的生物活性方面没有显著差异，但在DPPH抗氧化活性和螯合Fe2+试验中，棕色品种的活性较高。金丝雀籽的抗氧化活性优于或等同于燕麦和小麦。黄色金丝雀籽品种的抗高血压活性（血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）抑制）显著高于燕麦和小麦，尤其是C09052和卡尔维品种。对C09052金丝雀籽品种渗透物中表现出最高抗高血压活性的肽进行了进一步分级，并通过质谱法进行了鉴定。鉴定出46种肽，它们属于早熟禾亚科的18种蛋白质。其中14种亲本蛋白质与大麦蛋白质同源。基于肽的氨基酸组成，通过计算机模拟分析肽以确定其潜在的生物活性。所有46种肽都具有潜在的抗高血压和抗糖尿病活性，20种具有潜在的抗氧化活性，从而验证了体外试验数据。金丝雀籽肽还表现出潜在的抗遗忘、抗血栓形成、免疫刺激、阿片样物质和神经活性，显示出对促进健康的重要潜力，特别是对心血管疾病。
