Protein Chemistry and Bioactive Peptides Laboratory, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Nutrients. 2022 Jun 10;14(12):2415. doi: 10.3390/nu14122415.
During oxidative stress, degenerative diseases such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s, and certain cancers are likely to develop. Recent research on canary seed (Phalaris canariensis) peptides has demonstrated the high in vitro antioxidant potential. Thus, this study aimed to assess the cellular and in vivo antioxidant capacity of a low-molecular-weight (<3 kDa) canary seed peptide fraction (CSPF) using Caco-2 cells and the Caenorhabditis elegans model. The results show that the CSPF had no cytotoxicity effect on Caco-2 cells at any tested concentration (0.3−2.5 mg/mL). Additionally, the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) of the CSPF was concentration-dependent, and the highest activity achieved was 80% by the CSPF at 2.5 mg/mL. Similarly, incubation with the CSPF significantly mitigated the acute and chronic oxidative damage, extending the lifespan of the nematodes by 88 and 61%, respectively. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the CSPF reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to safe levels after sub-lethal doses of pro-oxidant paraquat. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the CSPF increased the expression of oxidative-stress-response-related gene GST-4. Overall, these results show that the CSPFs relied on GST-4 upregulation and scavenging of free radicals to confer oxidative stress protection and suggest that a CSPF can be used as a natural antioxidant in foods for health applications.
在氧化应激下，动脉粥样硬化、阿尔茨海默病和某些癌症等退行性疾病可能会发展。最近对金丝雀籽（Phalaris canariensis）肽的研究表明，其具有很高的体外抗氧化潜力。因此，本研究旨在使用 Caco-2 细胞和秀丽隐杆线虫模型评估低分子量（<3 kDa）金丝雀籽肽级分（CSPF）的细胞和体内抗氧化能力。结果表明，CSPF 在任何测试浓度（0.3-2.5 mg/mL）下对 Caco-2 细胞均无细胞毒性作用。此外，CSPF 的细胞抗氧化活性（CAA）呈浓度依赖性，在 2.5 mg/mL 时，其活性最高可达 80%。同样，用 CSPF 孵育可显著减轻急性和慢性氧化损伤，使线虫的寿命分别延长 88%和 61%。此外，还证明 CSPF 可在亚致死剂量的促氧化剂百草枯后将活性氧（ROS）的积累降低到安全水平。定量实时 PCR 显示 CSPF 增加了与氧化应激反应相关的基因 GST-4 的表达。总的来说，这些结果表明 CSPFs 依赖于 GST-4 的上调和自由基的清除来提供氧化应激保护，并表明 CSPF 可用作食品中的天然抗氧化剂，以实现健康应用。
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