Human Sciences Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, Derbyshire, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 14;17(14):5080. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145080.
Digitalization of knowledge work is essential for today's organizations, responding to diversified employee needs. Many organizations are already implementing some form of flexibility to help workers perform work and non-work duties, while maintaining high productivity. While these changes in workplaces, "New Ways of Working (NWW)", have been discussed in the literature, a systematic appraisal of evidence of NWW has not been conducted. Relating to poor work-related mental health worldwide, this systematic review analyzed the psychological impacts of NWW, and the quality and quantity of NWW research. Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, NWW studies targeting psychological outcomes were evaluated. Initial literature search on ProQuest, PsycINFO, Science Direct, and Google Scholar retrieved 308 titles, from which seven articles fulfilled all inclusion criteria. Our appraisal revealed that NWW research evaluated diverse psychological outcomes. While NWW can help workers' engagement, work-related flow, and connectivity among staff, NWW can also increase blurred work-home boundary, fatigue, and mental demands. The quality of NWW research was overall medium, needing more rigorous studies. Our findings can inform decision-makers in the workplace to effectively implement NWW, and researchers to improve the quality and the usefulness of future NWW studies.
知识工作的数字化对于当今的组织至关重要，以满足员工多样化的需求。许多组织已经在实施某种形式的灵活性，以帮助员工履行工作和非工作职责，同时保持高生产力。虽然工作场所的这些变化，即“新的工作方式 (NWW)”，在文献中已经有所讨论，但尚未对 NWW 的证据进行系统评估。由于全球工作相关心理健康状况不佳，本系统评价分析了 NWW 的心理影响，以及 NWW 研究的质量和数量。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目 (PRISMA) 指南，评估了针对心理结果的 NWW 研究。在 ProQuest、PsycINFO、Science Direct 和 Google Scholar 上进行初步文献检索，共检索到 308 个标题，其中 7 篇文章符合所有纳入标准。我们的评估表明，NWW 研究评估了多样化的心理结果。虽然 NWW 可以帮助员工的参与度、工作相关的流畅性和员工之间的联系，但 NWW 也会增加工作与家庭之间的模糊界限、疲劳和心理需求。NWW 研究的质量总体中等，需要更严格的研究。我们的研究结果可以为决策者在工作场所有效实施 NWW 提供信息，并为研究人员提高未来 NWW 研究的质量和实用性提供信息。
