Department of General Systems Studies, University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani, Seta Oe-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2020 Oct;35(10):897-907. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2020.05.011. Epub 2020 Jul 13.
Evolutionary ecological theory suggests that selection arising from interactions with conspecifics, such as sexual and kin selection, may result in evolution of intraspecific conflicts and evolutionary 'tragedy of the commons'. Here, we propose that such an evolution of conspecific conflicts may affect population dynamics in a way that enhances species coexistence. Empirical evidence and theoretical models suggest that more abundant species is more susceptible to invasion of 'selfish' individuals that increase their own reproductive success at the expense of population growth (intraspecific adaptation load). The density-dependent intraspecific adaptation load gives rise to a self-regulation mechanism at the population level, and stabilizes species coexistence at the community level by negative frequency-dependence.
进化生态学理论表明，与同种个体相互作用产生的选择，如性选择和亲属选择，可能导致种内冲突和进化“公地悲剧”的出现。在这里，我们提出，这种同种冲突的进化可能会以增强物种共存的方式影响种群动态。实证证据和理论模型表明，更丰富的物种更容易受到“自私”个体的入侵，这些个体以牺牲种群增长为代价来增加自身的繁殖成功率（种内适应负荷）。种内适应负荷的密度依赖性产生了种群水平上的自我调节机制，并通过负频率依赖性稳定了群落水平上的物种共存。
