Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2020 Oct;18(5):541-550. doi: 10.1007/s11914-020-00610-6.
Bone regeneration plays an important role in contemporary clinical treatment. Bone tissue engineering should result in successful bone regeneration to restore congenital or acquired bone defects in the human skeleton. Osteocytes are thought to have a governing role in bone remodeling by regulating osteoclast and osteoblast activity, and thus bone loss and formation. In this review, we address the so far largely unknown role osteocytes may play in bone tissue regeneration.
Osteocytes release biochemical signaling molecules involved in bone remodeling such as prostaglandins, nitric oxide, Wnts, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Treatment of mesenchymal stem cells in bone tissue engineering with prostaglandins (e.g., PGE, PGI, PGF), nitric oxide, IGF-1, or Wnts (e.g., Wnt3a) improves osteogenesis. This review provides an overview of the functions of osteocytes in bone tissue, their interaction with other bone cells, and their role in bone remodeling. We postulate that osteocytes may have a pivotal role in bone regeneration as well, and consequently that the bone regeneration process may be improved effectively and rapidly if osteocytes are optimally used and stimulated.
骨再生在当代临床治疗中起着重要作用。骨组织工程应能成功地促进骨再生，以修复人体骨骼中的先天性或获得性骨缺损。破骨细胞和成骨细胞的活性受破骨细胞和成骨细胞的调节，因此骨的吸收和形成受骨细胞的调节。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了骨细胞在骨组织再生中可能发挥的迄今为止尚未被充分认识的作用。
骨细胞释放参与骨重塑的生化信号分子，如前列腺素、一氧化氮、Wnt 和胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）。用前列腺素（如 PGE、PGI、PGF）、一氧化氮、IGF-1 或 Wnt（如 Wnt3a）处理骨组织工程中的间充质干细胞可改善成骨作用。本文综述了骨细胞在骨组织中的功能、它们与其他骨细胞的相互作用以及它们在骨重塑中的作用。我们推测骨细胞在骨再生中也可能起着关键作用，如果能最佳地利用和刺激骨细胞，那么骨再生过程就可以得到有效和快速的改善。
