Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, United States.
Department of Psychology, University of Houston, United States.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Sep 1;214:108171. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108171. Epub 2020 Jul 10.
Both alcohol and prescription opioid use/misuse are highly prevalent among individuals with chronic pain. Co-use of alcohol and prescription opioids is also common, despite contraindications due to increased risk of negative health effects and mortality. There is evidence that pain-related anxiety (i.e., the tendency to respond to pain with anxiety or fear) may be associated with heavier drinking and prescription opioid use/co-use, and that these associations may be especially salient among men.
This study is the first examination of pain-related anxiety in relation to hazardous alcohol use, prescription opioid use/misuse, and alcohol-opioid co-use. Participants included 1812 adults with chronic low back pain (69 % female, M = 43.95) who completed an online survey assessing health behaviors.
Pain-related anxiety was positively associated with indices of alcohol (i.e., alcohol-related consequences) and opioid use (i.e., prescription opioid use/misuse, daily opioid consumption). Of note, sex moderated associations between pain-related anxiety and both alcohol-related consequences and prescription opioid misuse. In addition to being associated with alcohol and prescription opioid use, independently, pain-related anxiety was also associated with greater likelihood of endorsing co-use of alcohol and opioids and engaging in concurrent hazardous drinking and prescription opioid misuse.
These findings contribute to a growing literature suggesting that pain-related anxiety is an important transdiagnostic factor in pain and alcohol and prescription opioid use/co-use, perhaps especially among males.
慢性疼痛患者中普遍存在酒精和处方类阿片类药物的使用/滥用情况。尽管存在因增加负面健康影响和死亡率的风险而产生的禁忌，但酒精和处方类阿片类药物的共同使用也很常见。有证据表明，与疼痛相关的焦虑（即，对疼痛产生焦虑或恐惧的倾向）可能与饮酒量增加和处方类阿片类药物的使用/共同使用有关，并且这些关联在男性中可能更为明显。
本研究首次考察了与危险饮酒、处方类阿片类药物使用/滥用以及酒精-阿片类药物共同使用相关的与疼痛相关的焦虑。参与者包括 1812 名患有慢性下腰痛的成年人（69%为女性，M=43.95 岁），他们完成了一项在线调查，评估健康行为。
与疼痛相关的焦虑与酒精（即酒精相关后果）和阿片类药物（即处方类阿片类药物使用/滥用、每日阿片类药物消耗）使用呈正相关。值得注意的是，性别调节了与疼痛相关的焦虑与酒精相关后果和处方类阿片类药物滥用之间的关联。除了与酒精和处方类阿片类药物的使用独立相关外，与疼痛相关的焦虑也与更有可能同时使用酒精和阿片类药物以及同时进行危险饮酒和处方类阿片类药物滥用有关。
这些发现有助于越来越多的文献表明，与疼痛相关的焦虑是疼痛以及酒精和处方类阿片类药物使用/共同使用的一个重要跨诊断因素，在男性中可能更为明显。
