Stelmach G E, Goggin N L, Amrhein P C
Motor Behavior Laboratory, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.
Psychol Aging. 1988 Jun;3(2):151-7. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.3.2.151.
A precue paradigm was used to examine the time it takes to restructure a planned motor response. Two groups of subjects, a young group and an elderly group, performed an aiming task in which 75% of the trials involved no change of movement parameters. On remaining trials, subjects had to change one or more of the movement parameters. Elderly subjects had slower reaction times (RTs), movement times, and made more errors in both conditions. Elderly subjects had proportionally longer RTs overall, independent of restructuring a movement plan. Preparation of arm and direction also exhibited a proportional increase in RT. However, differential aging effects were found for preparation of extent. Elderly subjects were slower preparing short movements compared with long movements, whereas young subjects showed the opposite trend. These results suggest that with advancing age, operations concerned with movement-plan restructuring for arm and direction undergo change in processing rate, whereas operations for extent undergo more extensive alteration.
采用预提示范式来研究重新规划运动反应所需的时间。两组受试者，一组年轻组和一组老年组，执行一项瞄准任务，其中75%的试验不涉及运动参数的变化。在其余试验中，受试者必须改变一个或多个运动参数。老年受试者在两种情况下的反应时间（RTs）、运动时间都较慢，且错误更多。老年受试者总体上有相对较长的反应时间，与重新规划运动计划无关。手臂和方向的准备也显示出反应时间成比例增加。然而，发现幅度准备存在不同的衰老效应。与长运动相比，老年受试者准备短运动的速度较慢，而年轻受试者则呈现相反的趋势。这些结果表明，随着年龄的增长，与手臂和方向的运动计划重组相关的操作在处理速度上发生变化，而幅度操作则经历更广泛的改变。
