Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
J Adolesc Health. 2021 Jan;68(1):169-177. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.05.038. Epub 2020 Jul 15.
The aim of the study was to determine the association between food insecurity, sexual risk behaviors, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and substance use in a nationally representative sample of U.S. young adults.
Cross-sectional nationally representative data of U.S. young adults aged 24-32 years from Wave IV (2008) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health were analyzed. Multiple logistic and linear regression analyses were conducted with food insecurity as the independent variable and self-reported STIs, sexual risk behaviors, and substance use as the dependent variables, adjusting for covariates and stratifying by sex.
Of the 14,786 young adults in the sample, 14% of young women and 9% of young men were food insecure. Food-insecure young women had greater odds of any STI, HIV, chlamydia, exchanging sex for money, and multiple concurrent sex partners in the past 12 months compared to young women reporting food security, adjusting for covariates. Food insecurity was associated with higher odds of any STI, chlamydia, and exchanging sex for money among young men who identify as gay or bisexual, but not in the general population of young men. Food insecurity was associated with greater odds of marijuana use, methamphetamine use, and nonmedical use of prescription opioids, sedatives, and stimulants in both young men and women.
Food insecurity is associated with risk behaviors and self-reported STIs, including HIV, in young adulthood. Health care providers should screen for food insecurity in young adults and provide referrals when appropriate.
本研究旨在确定食物不安全与美国年轻成年人中性风险行为、性传播感染（STIs）和物质使用之间的关联。
分析了来自美国青少年至成人健康纵向研究第四波（2008 年）的年龄在 24-32 岁的具有全国代表性的美国年轻成年人的横断面数据。采用多元逻辑和线性回归分析，以食物不安全为自变量，自我报告的 STIs、性风险行为和物质使用为因变量，调整协变量并按性别分层。
在样本中的 14786 名年轻人中，14%的年轻女性和 9%的年轻男性存在食物不安全。与报告食物安全的年轻女性相比，食物不安全的年轻女性在过去 12 个月中更有可能患有任何 STI、HIV、衣原体、为钱发生性行为以及有多个性伴侣，调整协变量后。对于自我认同为男同性恋或双性恋的年轻男性，食物不安全与任何 STI、衣原体和为钱发生性行为的可能性更高有关，但在普通年轻男性中并非如此。食物不安全与年轻男性和女性中大麻使用、冰毒使用以及非医疗使用处方阿片类药物、镇静剂和兴奋剂的可能性更高有关。
在年轻成年期，食物不安全与风险行为和自我报告的 STIs（包括 HIV）有关。医疗保健提供者应在年轻成年人中筛查食物不安全情况，并在适当情况下提供转介。
