Blanchard-Fields F, Irion J C
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803-5501.
Psychol Aging. 1988 Jun;3(2):197-203. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.3.2.197.
We examined the relation between locus of control and coping as moderated by age and context. A total of 96 adolescents, young adults, middle-aged adults, and older adults were administered Lazarus's Ways of Coping questionnaire, a situation-specific controllability measure, a defensive coping questionnaire, and Levenson's Internality, Powerfulness of Others, and Chance global locus of control scales for challenging and threatening contexts. Age moderated the relation between locus of control and coping. Internality was positively related to escape-avoidance, hostile reaction, and self-blame for younger individuals and negatively related for older adults. A belief in powerfulness of others was positively related to planful problem-solving and self-controlling in older adults and negatively related for younger individuals. Finally, a belief in chance was positively related to distancing and self-controlling for older adults and negatively related for younger individuals. The implication that dimensions of control vary with age is discussed.
我们研究了控制点与应对方式之间的关系，并考察了年龄和情境所起的调节作用。共有96名青少年、青年、中年和老年人接受了拉扎勒斯的应对方式问卷、特定情境可控性测量、防御性应对问卷，以及莱文森的内控性、他人影响力和机遇全局控制点量表，这些量表针对具有挑战性和威胁性的情境。年龄调节了控制点与应对方式之间的关系。对于年轻人而言，内控性与逃避-回避、敌对反应和自责呈正相关，而对于老年人则呈负相关。相信他人的影响力在老年人中与有计划地解决问题和自我控制呈正相关，而在年轻人中则呈负相关。最后，相信机遇在老年人中与疏远和自我控制呈正相关，而在年轻人中则呈负相关。我们讨论了控制维度随年龄变化的含义。
