Blanchard-Fields F, Robinson S L
J Gerontol. 1987 Sep;42(5):497-501. doi: 10.1093/geronj/42.5.497.
This study was conducted to examine the relation between generalized and domain-specific locus of control and coping strategies as moderated by age differences. Adolescents through older adults were given measures of controllability and coping for both relationship and achievement contexts. For domain-specific measures only, older adults perceived the cause of stressors in both contexts as less controllable than did all other participants. However, no age difference was found in controllability of the outcome. Domain-specific measures were better predictors of coping than generalized measures of locus of control. Domain-specific attribution measures were most predictive of the coping mechanism self-blame, and this relation was moderated by age and context. Controllability of outcome predicted the use of self-blame among adolescents and, to a lesser degree, among younger adults; internal locus of causality of the stressful event predicted self-blame among older adults.
本研究旨在探讨一般和特定领域的控制点与应对策略之间的关系，并考察年龄差异作为调节变量的作用。对青少年至老年人进行了关系和成就情境下可控性及应对方式的测量。仅就特定领域的测量而言，老年人认为两种情境下压力源的原因比其他所有参与者更不可控。然而，在结果的可控性方面未发现年龄差异。特定领域的测量比控制点的一般测量更能预测应对方式。特定领域的归因测量最能预测自责这一应对机制，且这种关系受年龄和情境的调节。结果的可控性预测了青少年中自责的使用情况，在较小程度上也预测了年轻人中自责的使用情况；压力事件的内部因果控制点预测了老年人中的自责情况。
