Oğuz Merve, Sayın Emine, Gürses Dolunay
Department of Pediatrics, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey.
Turk Pediatri Ars. 2020 Jun 19;55(2):117-123. doi: 10.14744/TurkPediatriArs.2020.27003. eCollection 2020.
Violence in health is an important public health problem that threatens community peace. In our study, it was aimed to examine the state of exposure to violence among employees in our clinic in the last one year and our employees' opinions and attitudes about violence.
The study was performed cross-sectionally. In this study the Violent Incident Form developed by Arnetz (1998) was used as a data collection tool.
A total of 182 healthcare workers were included in the study. Of the participants, 14 (7.7%) were faculty members, 37 (20.3%) were physicians, 24 (13.2%) were interns, 70 (38.5%) were nurses, 10 (5.5%) were medical secretaries, and 27 (14.8%) were ancillary health personnel. The female/male ratio was 143/39. Seventy-nine (43.4%) of the employees had been exposed to violence at least once in the last year. Of those experiencing violence, 57 (72%) were female, 28 (35%) were nurses, 21 (27%) were residents, 16 (20%) were interns, five (6.5%) were faculty members, five (6.5%) were allied health personnel, and four (5%) were medical secretaries. Physicians were exposed to violence with a higher rate (p<0.05). Exposure to violence was observed most frequently in the pediatric emergency department. Of all the violent incidents, 58% occurred during night shifts and 46% occurred during examination/treatment/physical care. The perpetrator was a patient in only one incident, the other perpetrators were patients' relatives, and 63% of the perpetrators were men. All violent incidents involved verbal violence, seven (8.8%) incidents contained elements of physical violence, such as spitting, pushing, kicking, biting, restraining or using an object. Only 29 (36.7%) of the 79 staff reported violence, and 50 (63.3%) did not take any action after the violence.
Violence in health is a common and serious problem even in tertiary hospitals. In our study, only one-third of the affected staff reported violence after exposure to violence. The risk of violence should be reduced in order to ensure a safe work environment, which will be possible by raising awareness of healthcare workers and effective implementation of violence prevention programs.
医疗卫生领域的暴力是一个威胁社区安宁的重要公共卫生问题。在我们的研究中，旨在调查过去一年里我们诊所员工遭受暴力的情况以及员工对暴力的看法和态度。
本研究采用横断面研究方法。在本研究中，使用了由阿内茨（1998年）编制的暴力事件表格作为数据收集工具。
共有182名医护人员纳入本研究。参与者中，14人（7.7%）为教员，37人（20.3%）为医生，24人（13.2%）为实习生，70人（38.5%）为护士，10人（5.5%）为医疗秘书，27人（14.8%）为辅助卫生人员。男女比例为143/39。79名（43.4%）员工在过去一年中至少遭受过一次暴力。在遭受暴力的人员中，57人（72%）为女性，28人（35%）为护士，21人（27%）为住院医师，16人（20%）为实习生，5人（6.5%）为教员，5人（6.5%）为辅助卫生人员，4人（5%）为医疗秘书。医生遭受暴力的比例更高（p<0.05）。在儿科急诊科观察到遭受暴力的情况最为频繁。在所有暴力事件中，58%发生在夜班期间，46%发生在检查/治疗/身体护理期间。肇事者仅在一次事件中是患者，其他肇事者是患者亲属，63%的肇事者为男性。所有暴力事件都涉及言语暴力，7起（8.8%）事件包含身体暴力元素，如吐口水、推搡、踢打、咬人、约束或使用物品。在79名员工中，只有29人（36.7%）报告了暴力事件，50人（63.3%）在暴力事件发生后未采取任何行动。
即使在三级医院，医疗卫生领域的暴力也是一个常见且严重的问题。在我们的研究中，只有三分之一的受影响员工在遭受暴力后报告了暴力事件。为确保安全的工作环境，应降低暴力风险，这可以通过提高医护人员的意识以及有效实施暴力预防计划来实现。
