Simonato Giulia, Marchiori Erica, Marcer Federica, Ravagnan Silvia, Danesi Patrizia, Montarsi Fabrizio, Bononi Carlo, Capelli Gioia, Pietrobelli Mario, Cassini Rudi
Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
J Parasitol Res. 2020 Jun 27;2020:8837367. doi: 10.1155/2020/8837367. eCollection 2020.
Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is a disease caused by the protist and transmitted to dogs by sand fly (Diptera: Phlebotominae) bites. In 2005, a new autochthonous focus of CanL was recognised in the southern part of Euganei hills (northeastern Italy). In subsequent years, this outbreak was monitored, testing dogs and evaluating sand fly population. Moreover, dog owners were sensitized on the adoption of preventive measures, thanks to the collaboration of local administration, health authorities, and private veterinarians. This study includes serological tests on dogs, questionnaires submitted to dog owners regarding the use of preventive measures on their animals, and the evaluation of sand fly abundance. Data collected were statistically compared with those of previous years. The canine seroprevalence was significantly lower than that recorded at the beginning of the outbreak, despite the fact that sand fly abundance did not significantly decrease. In addition, most of the dog owners declared using regularly the topical insecticides on their dogs during the sand fly season. This experience demonstrated that a collaborative approach among scientific researchers, local authorities, and private veterinarians can achieve excellent results in the management of a leishmaniosis outbreak.
犬利什曼病（CanL）是一种由原生生物引起的疾病，通过白蛉（双翅目：白蛉亚科）叮咬传播给犬类。2005年，在尤加内丘陵南部（意大利东北部）发现了一个新的犬利什曼病本土疫源地。在随后的几年里，对此次疫情进行了监测，对犬类进行检测并评估白蛉种群数量。此外，由于当地政府、卫生当局和私人兽医的合作，犬主们对采取预防措施有了更多认识。本研究包括对犬类进行血清学检测、向犬主发放关于其对动物采取预防措施的问卷，以及对白蛉数量的评估。将收集到的数据与前几年的数据进行统计学比较。尽管白蛉数量没有显著减少，但犬类血清阳性率显著低于疫情开始时的记录。此外，大多数犬主宣称在白蛉季节定期给犬类使用外用杀虫剂。这一经验表明，科研人员、地方当局和私人兽医之间的合作方法在利什曼病疫情管理中可取得出色成果。
