Dumont Pascal, Fankhauser Becky, Bouhsira Emilie, Lienard Emmanuel, Jacquiet Philippe, Beugnet Frederic, Franc Michel
Merial S.A.S., 29 Av Tony Garnier, 69007, Lyon, France.
Institut National Polytechnique (INP) - Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076, Toulouse, France.
Parasit Vectors. 2015 Jan 27;8:49. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-0683-y.
Two successive laboratory experiments (A and B) were conducted to confirm the efficacy of a new fipronil and permethrin combination to repel and kill Phlebotomus perniciosus sandflies when applied once topically on dogs.
Due to the difficulty to get enough available dogs and sandflies in one run, the study was divided into 2 experiments which had exactly the same design, and were conducted at the same place, with the same technicians. They compared dogs treated with a combination containing 67.6 mg/mL fipronil + 504.8 mg/mL permethrin (Frontect/Frontline Tri-Act, Merial) to untreated dogs. The treatments were applied topically once on Day 0. Sandfly exposures were performed on Days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 29 with 80 P. perniciosus female sandflies. After 60 min, sandflies were assessed for vitality and engorgement status. Live sandflies were kept in an insectary and observed for mortality counts 4 h after the exposure period ended.
Percent sandfly repellency on treated dogs was 98.2, 98.5, 99.2, 90.9 and 90.3%, for Days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 29, respectively. There was a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between the treated and control groups in both experiments and for the pooled data on every assessment day. Insecticidal efficacy on treated dogs at 4 h post-exposure on Days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 29 was 98.7, 99.7, 96.8, 93.4, and 78.9%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the treated and control groups for live sandflies observed at 4 h post-exposure for all assessment days (p < 0.05).
A single topical administration of a new combination of fipronil and permethrin demonstrated a significant repellent effect (i.e., > 80%) against P. perniciosus which lasted for 29 days after application. The repellent effect was accompanied by a significant insecticidal effect on sandflies. The results suggest that in endemic areas, the application of the fipronil-permethrin combination could be integrated into canine leishmaniosis prevention program.
进行了两项连续的实验室实验（实验A和实验B），以确认一种新的氟虫腈和氯菊酯组合经局部一次性施用于犬只后，对驱避和杀死有害白蛉的效果。
由于一次实验难以获得足够数量的犬只和白蛉，该研究分为两项设计完全相同的实验，在同一地点由相同的技术人员进行。将用含有67.6毫克/毫升氟虫腈 + 504.8毫克/毫升氯菊酯的组合（福来恩/福来恩三效，梅里亚公司）处理的犬只与未处理的犬只进行比较。在第0天对犬只进行一次局部给药。在第1、7、14、21和29天，用80只雌性有害白蛉对犬只进行白蛉暴露实验。60分钟后，对白蛉的活力和饱血状态进行评估。存活的白蛉置于昆虫饲养室，在暴露期结束4小时后观察死亡率。
在第1、7、14、21和29天，处理组犬只对白蛉的驱避率分别为98.2%、98.5%、99.2%、90.9%和90.3%。在两项实验以及每个评估日的汇总数据中，处理组和对照组之间均存在显著差异（p≤0.05）。在第1、7、14、21和29天暴露后4小时，处理组犬只对白蛉的杀虫效果分别为98.7%、99.7%、96.8%、93.4%和78.9%。在所有评估日暴露后4小时观察到的存活白蛉数量，处理组和对照组之间存在显著差异（p<0.05）。
一次性局部施用新的氟虫腈和氯菊酯组合对白蛉具有显著的驱避效果（即>80%），施用后持续29天。驱避效果伴随着对白蛉的显著杀虫效果。结果表明，在流行地区，氟虫腈 - 氯菊酯组合的应用可纳入犬利什曼病预防计划。
