Comparison of the evaluation of formative assessment at two medical faculties with different conditions of undergraduate training, assessment and feedback.

Both formative and summative assessments have their place in medical curricula: formative assessment to accompany the learning process and summative assessment to ensure that minimum standards are achieved. Depending on the conditions of undergraduate training, assessment and feedback, students place more or less importance on formative assessment, and thus the fulfilment of its function may be questionable. This study describes how the low-stakes formative Berlin Progress Test (BPT) is embedded at two medical faculties with partially different framework conditions and what effects these have on the students' testing efforts and the evaluation of the test, especially the perception of its benefits and (intangible) costs, such as non-participation in contemporaneous activities and emotional impairments. In this study, the proportion of non-serious BPT participants at two medical faculties (total sample: N=1,410, N=1,176) in winter term 2015/16 was determined both by the number of unanswered questions on the test itself and in a survey using a standardized instrument (N=415, N=234). Furthermore, open questions were asked in this survey about perceived benefits and perceived costs, which were analyzed with qualitative and quantitative methods. The BPT is generally better accepted at Faculty 2. This can be seen in the higher proportion of serious test takers, the lower perceived costs and the higher reported benefit, as well as the higher proportion of constructive comments. Faculty 2 students better understood the principle of formative testing and used the results of the BPT as feedback on their own knowledge progress, motivation to learn and reduction of exam fear. When medical faculties integrate formative assessments into the curriculum, they have to provide a framework in which these assessments are perceived as an important part of the curriculum. Otherwise, it is questionable whether they can fulfil their function of accompanying the learning process.