Bakir Derya, Akdeniz Mehmet, Ertas Abdulselam, Yilmaz Mustafa A, Yener Ismail, Firat Mehmet, Kolak Ufuk
The Council of Forensic Medicine, Diyarbakir Group Chairmanship, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
J Food Biochem. 2020 Sep;44(9):e13350. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.13350. Epub 2020 Jul 19.
In the present study, a GC-MS method used for quantitative screening of 26 compounds (sclareolide, sclareol, ferruginol, cryptanol, 6,7-dehydroroyleanone, suginal, 9,10-dihydro-7,8-dimethyl-2-(1-methylethyl) phenanthren-3-ol, sugiol, inuroyleanone, 12-demethylmulticauline, 7α-hydroxy-β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol, salvigenin, sinensetin, α-amyrin, lupeol, lupenone, 3-acetyl lupeol, 1α,21α-dihydroxy-2,3-(1'1'-dimethyl-dioxymethylene) urs-9(11),12-dien, uvaol, betulin, pyxinol, lup-(20),29-ene-2α-hydroxy-3β-acetate, betulin 3β, 28β-diacetate, 21α-hydroxy,2α,3β-diacetoxy urs-9(11),12-dien) specific to Turkish Salvia species was developed and validated. According to the GC-MS analysis results, Salvia hypargeia Fisch. & C.A. Mey. roots were found to be rich in ferruginol (30787.97 µg/g extract) and lupenone (23276.21 µg/g extract), and leaves in lupeol (20625.92 µg/g extract). Additionally, the essential oil and aroma contents of this species were identified by GC-MS technique. According to the LC-MS/MS results, especially S. hypargeia leaf extract was rich in rosmarinic acid (38035.7 µg/g extract) and isoquercitrin (4136.91 µg/g extract). Furthermore, anticholinesterase, antiurease, antityrosinase and antielastase inhibitory, antioxidant, cytotoxic activities of the ethanol extracts, essential oil, and major components of the species were evaluated. Antioxidant potentials of all extracts of this species were quite high in all studied antioxidant methods. Moreover, butyrylcholinesterase and elastase inhibitory capacities of ferruginol, the major component of S. hypargeia roots, were notable. For these reasons, this species has a high potential for food and pharmaceutical industries. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This new GC-MS method was applied to S. hypargeia Fisch. & C.A. Mey. and it indicated that this species possessed high amount of ferruginol and lupeol, and that this species could be used for their natural sources. According to the results of the activity studies (antioxidant, anticholinesterase, tyrosinase, elastase, and cytotoxic), this method was used to exhibit which compound may be responsible for the activities. This developed and validated method could be easily applied to determine major/active/toxic secondary metabolites of Salvia species which are used and/or could be used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.
在本研究中，开发并验证了一种用于定量筛选土耳其鼠尾草属植物特有的26种化合物（紫苏内酯、紫苏醇、铁锈醇、隐丹参醇、6,7-脱氢罗勒烯酮、苏吉那尔、9,10-二氢-7,8-二甲基-2-(1-甲基乙基)菲-3-醇、苏吉醇、异土木香内酯、12-去甲基多茎烷、7α-羟基-β-谷甾醇、豆甾醇、谷甾醇、鼠尾草苷元、橙皮素、α-香树脂醇、羽扇豆醇、羽扇豆酮、3-乙酰羽扇豆醇、1α,21α-二羟基-2,3-(1'1'-二甲基-二氧亚甲基)乌苏-9(11),12-二烯、熊果醇、桦木醇、吡西诺醇、羽扇-(20),29-烯-2α-羟基-3β-乙酸酯、桦木醇3β,28β-二乙酸酯、21α-羟基,2α,3β-二乙酰氧基乌苏-9(11),12-二烯）的气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）方法。根据GC-MS分析结果，发现土耳其鼠尾草（Salvia hypargeia Fisch. & C.A. Mey.）的根中富含铁锈醇（30787.97 μg/g提取物）和羽扇豆酮（23276.21 μg/g提取物），叶中富含羽扇豆醇（20625.92 μg/g提取物）。此外，该物种的精油和香气成分通过GC-MS技术进行了鉴定。根据液相色谱-质谱联用/质谱（LC-MS/MS）结果，特别是土耳其鼠尾草叶提取物富含迷迭香酸（38035.7 μg/g提取物）和异槲皮苷（4136.91 μg/g提取物）。此外，还评估了该物种乙醇提取物、精油及其主要成分的抗胆碱酯酶、抗脲酶、抗酪氨酸酶和抗弹性蛋白酶抑制、抗氧化及细胞毒性活性。在所有研究的抗氧化方法中，该物种所有提取物的抗氧化潜力都相当高。此外，土耳其鼠尾草根的主要成分铁锈醇对丁酰胆碱酯酶和弹性蛋白酶的抑制能力显著。基于这些原因，该物种在食品和制药行业具有很高的潜力。实际应用：这种新的GC-MS方法应用于土耳其鼠尾草，结果表明该物种含有大量的铁锈醇和羽扇豆醇，可作为这些物质的天然来源。根据活性研究（抗氧化、抗胆碱酯酶、酪氨酸酶、弹性蛋白酶和细胞毒性）结果，该方法用于展示哪些化合物可能是这些活性的原因。这种经过开发和验证的方法可轻松应用于测定鼠尾草属植物的主要/活性/有毒次生代谢物，这些植物已用于和/或可用于制药、化妆品和食品行业。
