Vicente Ana Mafalda, Martins Gabriela J, Costa Rui M
Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, Zuckerman Mind Brain Institute, Columbia University 3227 Broadway, New York, NY, 10027, United States.
Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, Zuckerman Mind Brain Institute, Columbia University 3227 Broadway, New York, NY, 10027, United States.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2020 Dec;65:151-159. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2020.05.042. Epub 2020 Jul 17.
Neuropsychiatric disorders often manifest with abnormal control of motor behavior. Common symptoms include restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior (RRBs). Cortico-basal ganglia circuits have been implicated in the etiology of RBBs. However, there is a vast range of behaviors encompassed in RRBs, from simple explosive motor tics to rather complex ritualized compulsions. In this review, we highlight how recent findings about the function of specific basal ganglia circuits can begin to shed light into defined motor symptoms associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. We discuss recent studies using genetic animal models that advocate that different aspects of motor repetition in neurodevelopmental disorders, like obsessive-compulsive disorder and autism spectrum disorder, emerge from particular dysregulations in distinct cortico-basal ganglia circuits.
神经精神疾病常表现为运动行为控制异常。常见症状包括受限的重复行为模式（RRBs）。皮质-基底神经节回路与RRBs的病因有关。然而，RRBs涵盖了广泛的行为，从简单的爆发性运动抽动到相当复杂的仪式化强迫行为。在本综述中，我们强调了关于特定基底神经节回路功能的最新发现如何开始阐明与神经精神疾病相关的特定运动症状。我们讨论了最近使用基因动物模型的研究，这些研究表明，神经发育障碍（如强迫症和自闭症谱系障碍）中运动重复的不同方面源于不同皮质-基底神经节回路中的特定失调。
